應用FAHP建構臺北市國小廢校空間再利用之評估模式

Applying FAHP to Construct an Assessment Model for the Reuse of Abolished Taipei Elementary School Campus

莊惠鈞(Hui-Chun Tsuang)

指導教授 ： 王聰榮

國立臺北科技大學/設計學院/建築與都市設計研究所/碩士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6841/NTUT.2014.00605

摘要

臺北市近年來在臺灣社會高齡少子化，合併部分早年開發社區老化之人口遷移影響下，與社區關係緊密的國小面臨廢校問題。本研究首先透過「結構功能論」與「衝突論」觀點，進行與議題相關之「文獻回顧與分析」，並架構所需之評估層級體系基礎；繼而針對臺北市面臨國小廢校之社區進行「焦點團體訪談法」，以了解民眾意見訴求，同時蒐集屬其觀點之評估因素；彙整所有評估因素後初擬原始評估層級架構，接著以「模糊德爾菲法」進行篩選評估因素；最後應用「模糊層級分析法」獲悉具客觀、合理性的「臺北市國小廢校空間再利用策略評估模式」。經由研究成果分析，歸納結論如下：(一)在民眾集體意識下，主管機關以規劃專業，考量都市整體發展需求進行廢校空間再利用，屬結構功能論觀點定義。考量社區訴求建議，規劃朝向以社區利益為主或能平衡都市整體發展之再利用，屬衝突論觀點定義。由衝突論定義可知，社區民眾之意見訴求具關鍵性影響，有探討之必要性。(二)受測之社區民眾認為採人數規模擇定廢校尚屬合理；但於廢校後之再利用可獲更佳經濟效益，亦可成為擇定廢校因素。(三)針對國小廢校再利用，受測民眾認為應以社區利益為主，或至少可平衡都市整體發展之再利用；而共同訴求為再利用空間，能保持原有校園之開放性。(四)受測民眾認為於提供年長者活動空間並不足夠，但此乃空間分配問題，再利用並不侷限於特定為年長者使用。(五)規劃專業合併社區觀點因素，以優先保留原有建物為基本概念，首重廢校內外現況評估；次重再利用功能規劃，以朝向平衡都市發展與符合社區利益，空間具開放性空間為佳；而後為執行配套措施，著重於社區需求；最後為用後追蹤維護作業，重點亦於強化社區共同維護環境之共識。

關鍵字

結構功能論 ； 衝突論 ； 焦點團體訪談法 ； 模糊德爾菲法 ； 模糊層級分析法 ； 廢校空間再利用

並列摘要

In recent years, under the influence of demographic migration because of population transformation as of aging and fewer children and the combination of aging communities developed in earlier times, elementary school closely related to community is confronted with the issue of school abandonment. This study would, first, make use of “structural functionalism” and “conflict theory,” to proceed related “literature review and analysis” on the research issues. And it will also focus on those communities confronted with the problem of elementary school of abolished campus in Taipei City to conduct “focus group interviewing.” After related information is collected and organized, it would first formulate the original assessment factors and hierarchical structure, and then exploit “Fuzzy Delphi Method” to carry out screening and formulate assessment factors and hierarchical structure. At the end, it will make use of “Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process” to learn about the objective and reasonable assessment factors and weight value ranking of the hierarchical structure regarding “The strategic assessment model on reutilize an elementary school space of the abolished campus in Taipei City.”As analyzed from the research results, conclusions are induced as follows: 1. under the collective consciousness of the mass, the competent authority has carried out the space reuse of the bolished campus in consideration of professional planning and integral development need of the city, which perspective of Structural Functionalism; if with account of suggestions from community appeal, the planning heads mainly towards community interest or the balance of the integral city as well as the reuse of community interest, which perspective of Conflict Theory. 2. In view of the reuse on abolished campus, the perspective of the community mass would mainly be for community interest, or at least it can balance the city as a whole and the reuse of community interest; as for collective appeal, it would be that the use after reuse can keep the campus open to the external parties. 3. For the perspective of community mass, they would hope that the space can provide to the elder for activity and learning, and they think it can do more than that, but it would be an issue of allocation for community space, for reuse would not necessarily have to be limited to use by the elder. 4. the perspective community mass would be that it is upon the population scale of school student, and it is believed to be reasonable; however, if reuse can bring greater economic benefit after school is abandoned, it can also become a selected factor of school abandonment. 5. After the assessment has taken account of community opinion, professional planning should, first, retain the original buildings as its fundamental idea, and it should see the very importance of current status evaluation in and out of the school; then, for function planning of reuse, it should head towards urban development and accommodate to community interest, and should be open to the external parties. Afterwards, it should focus on community needs in order to implement compatible measures, and it will be, at the end, the track-down and maintenance operation after use, and the focus would be to strengthen the consciousness for joint environment maintenance by the community.

並列關鍵字

Structural Functionalism ； Conflict Theory ； Focus Group Interviewing ； Fuzzy Delphi Method ； Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process ； Reutilize an Space of the Abolished Campus

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