專利為基礎之企業研發績效評估與改善分析模式

A Patent-based Analysis Model for R&D Performance Evaluation and Improvement of Enterprises

陳昶宏(Chang-Hung Chen)

指導教授 ： 車振華

國立臺北科技大學/管理學院/工業工程與管理系碩士班/碩士(2014年)

摘要

近年來，各個產業市場競爭愈趨激烈，企業利用其研發成果獲得大量利潤。因此，若企業研發績效低落，將面臨利潤減少，甚至無法在競爭市場上立足的窘境。專利是企業用來展現與保護己身研發成果的主要工具，因此，本研究將發展專利為基礎之企業研發績效評估與改善分析模式。為正確評估企業研發績效，本研究首先建構專利為基礎之企業研發績效評估架構，從研發活躍程度與研發品質兩大構面著手，用以完整評估企業整體研發績效。再者，本研究運用資料包絡分析法 (Data Envelopment Analysis, DEA) 發展專利為基礎之企業績效評估模式，評估各個企業之相對研發績效值，以協助管理者取得在特定產業中企業研發績效之優勢排序。接著，本研究使用差額變數分析，提出企業研發績效改善分析模式。針對研發活躍程度與研發品質兩大構面，分別提供非標竿企業具體改善方向與建議。最後，本論文運用牙醫器材公司為案例進行驗證本方法論之可行性。

關鍵字

資料包絡分析法 ； 研發績效 ； 專利 ； 差額變數分析

並列摘要

In recent years, enterprises use their R&D results to get profits and get a leading position in the competitive market. Therefore, if the R&D performance is low, the enterprises will face reduced profits, not even a foothold in the competitive market dilemma. Patents are used to show the enterprises’ R&D results and the main protection tools, therefore, this study will develop the R&D performance evaluation and improvement analysis mode. Patents as main tools to show the enterprises' R&D performance, therefore, this study develops R&D performance evaluation and improvement analysis model. To properly assess the enterprises R&D performance, the level of R&D activity and R&D quality are two facets to construct R&D performance assessment framework. In addition, this study uses data envelopment analysis to construct enterprise performance evaluation model and give managers the advantages of R&D performance of sorting. Then, in order to give suggestions to improve R&D performance, this study uses slack variable analysis to construct the R&D improvement model to given suggestions of the level of R&D activity and R&D quality. Finally, this paper uses dental equipment company as a case study to verify the feasibility of the methodology.

並列關鍵字

R&D performance ； Patent ； Data envelopment analysis ； Slack variable analysis

參考文獻

2. A. Gambardella, D. Harhoff, B. Verspagen “The value of European patents,” Europe Management Review, vol.5, no.2, 2008, pp.69-84.

3. B. Fabry, H. Ernst, J. Langholz, M. Koster “Patent portfolio analysis as a useful tool for identifying R&D and business opportunities—an empirical application in the nutrition and health industry” World Patent Information, vol.45, no.5, 2006, pp.215–225.

4. B. Van Pottelsberghe, N. Van Zeebroeck, “A brief history of space and time: the scope-year index as a patent value indicator based a families and renewals,” Scientometrics, vol.75, no.2, 2008, pp.319–338.

5. C. Breyer, C. Birkner, J. Meiss, J.C. Goldschmidt, M. Riede, “A top-down analysis: Determining photovoltaic’s R&D investments from patent analysis and R&D headcount,” Energy Policy, vol.62, 2013, pp.1570-1580.

6. C.H. Heieh, “Patent value assessment and commercialization strategy,” Technological Forecasting and Social Change, vol.80, no.2, 2013, pp.307-319.