台灣原住民部落中居民健康與生活環境動物寄生蟲病相關性之研究

The related study on the parasite diseases of resident health between the aboriginal tribes and life of environmental animals

蔡裕仁(Tsai Yu-Jen)

指導教授 ： 鍾文政

臺北醫學大學/醫學院/醫學科學研究所/碩士(2000年)

摘要

本調查從1997-2000年以隨機採樣方式陸續展開，針對台灣東部地區(宜蘭縣南澳鄉：東澳村、南澳村、碧侯村、金岳村、武塔村、金洋村及澳花村；台東縣金峰鄉：正興村、嘉蘭村、新興村、賓茂村及歷坵村；台東縣海端鄉：海端村、崁頂村、加拿村、霧鹿村、利稻村、廣原村、錦屏村及初來村；台東縣達仁鄉：台板村、土板村、新化村、安朔村、南田村及森永村；台東縣大武鄉：尚武村、大武村、大竹村、南興村、大鳥村；等五個村落和花蓮海岸山脈等地區)原住民部落生活環境中動物與所狩獵的動物之血液和腸道進行寄生蟲檢測。血液方面：家犬(114例)、貓(2例)、老鼠(12例)、鴿子(17例)、台灣山羊(3例)、蝙蝠(1例)、野豬(3例)、飛鼠(8例)血液共計：160例。腸道方面：犬(20例)、老鼠(12例)、鴿子(30例)、天竺鼠(3例)、台灣山羊(2例)、野豬(4例)、飛鼠(8例)共計：79例。而生活環境中動物犬：弓蟲、心絲蟲、肝包子原蟲、鉤蟲、蛔蟲、鞭蟲感染率分別為21.9%(25/114)、6.1%(7/114)、1.8%(2/114)、35.0%(7/20)、20.0%(4/20)、5.0%(1/20)。鴿子血變形蟲41.2%(7/17)。老鼠巴貝斯蟲感染率為41.7%(5/12)。老鼠鉤蟲、糞桿線蟲、絛蟲感染率分別為16.7%(2/12)、25.0%(3/12)、25.0%(3/12)、糞桿線蟲與絛蟲混合感染率為8.3% (1/12)。台灣山羊乳頭糞桿線蟲感染率為50.0%(1/2)。天竺鼠糞桿線蟲感染率為33.3% (1/3)。至於狩獵動物中所採集到的血液計有：野豬、飛鼠2種。野豬弓蟲(Toxoplasma gondii)與絲狀蟲(Suifilaris suis)各為33.3%(1/3)。在腸道方面，檢出寄生蟲之感染率分別為75.0%、100%，而其寄生蟲感然率分別為，台灣野豬：蛔蟲、鞭蟲、糞桿線蟲及豬紅色胃蟲(Hyostrongylus rubidus)均為50.0%(2/4)，類圓豬胃蟲(Ascarops strongylina)25.0 %(1/4)；飛鼠：鞭蟲25.0%(2/8)、蟯蟲87.5%(7/8)、球蟲75.0%(6/8)、糞桿線蟲50.0%(4/8)及Nippostrongylus muris37.8%(3/8)。在重複感染方面野豬二種寄生蟲感染為25.0%(1/4)；三種寄生蟲感染為25.0%(1/4) ；四種寄生蟲感染為25.0%(1/4)。飛鼠方面：二種寄生蟲感染率為50.0%(4/8)；三種寄生蟲感染率為25.0%(2/8)；四種生蟲感染率為25.0% (2/8)。本調查是採漸進性資料累積和配合現行所知研究地點、檢驗調查結果，來建立台灣本土地區原住民部落，區域內動物寄生蟲相文獻資料庫。然後期待日後再與地理資訊系統(Geography Information System)檔案相互連接，以作為原住民部落人畜共通傳染病、公共衛生、流行病學、疫情即時監控和預防醫學之參考，進而能更直接改善原住民的衛生教育及降低因寄生蟲病所誘發的其他疾病之感染。

關鍵字

動物 ； 血液 ； 糞便 ； 寄生蟲 ； 原住民 ； 臺灣地區

並列摘要

From 1997 to 2000, 160 blood samples(dog 114；cat 2；mouse 12；pigeon 17；goat 3；bat 1；wild boars 3 and flying squirrel 8 ) and 79 stool samples (dog 20；mouse 12；pigeon 30；guinea pig 3；goat 2；wild boars 4 and flying squirrel 8 ) were periodically collected from the animals lived with and hunted by the aboriginal tribes people of 5 villages in Taiwan (Nan Au village in Yi Lan county：Dung Au, Nan Au,Bi Hou,Jin Yue,Wu Ta, Jin Yang and Au Hau；Jin Feng village in Tai Dung county：Jeng Shing,Jia Lan,Shin Shing,Bin Mau and Li Chiou；Hai Duan village in Tai Tung：Hai Duan,Kan Ding,Jia Na Wu Lu,Li Dau,Guang Yuan,Jin Ping andChu Lai；Da Jen village in Tai Tung：Tai Ban,Tu Ban,Shin Hua,An Shuo,Nan Tian, and Sen Yung；Da Wu village in Tai Tung：Shang Wu,Da Wu,Da Ju,Nan Shing, and Da Niau； coast mountain of Hua Lian county). The dog lived with people showed that the infection rates of Toxoplasma gondii, Dirofilaria immitis ,Hepatazoon canis, Ancylostoma spp. ,Toxocara canis and Trichuris vulpis are 21.9%(25/114), 6.1%(7/114), 1.8%(2/114), 35.0% (7/20), 20.0%(4/20), and 5.0%(1/20), respectively. Meanwhile, the Haemoproteus spp. of pigeon is 41.2%(7/17) and the Babesia spp. of mouse is 41.7%(5/12). About the mouse stood, it showed that the infection rates of Ancylostoma spp., Strongyloides ratti and Diphyllobothrium spp. are 16.7%(2/12), 25.0%(3/12) , and25.0%(3/12) , respectively. Meanwhile the multi-infection rates of Strongyloides ratti and Diphyllobothrium spp. are 8.3% (1/12), and 25.0% (3/12). The Strongyloides papillosus of goat is 50.0%(1/2). The Strongyloides ratti of guinea pig is 33.3% (1/3). There were only 2 blood samples of wild boars and flying squirrel. The infection rates of both Toxoplasma gondii and Suifilaris suis of wild boars are 33.3%(1/3). The total parasitic infection rate is 75.0% and 100% in stool samples. The wild boars results showed that all the infection rates are 50.0%(2/4) to Ascaris suum, Trichuris suis, Strongyloides ransomi and Hyostrongylus rubidus, except the Ascarops strongylina is 25.0 %(1/4). The investigation of flying squirrel showed the infection rates of Trichuris spp., Syphacia spp., Coccidia spp., Strongyloides ratti and Nippostrongylus muris are 25.0%(2/8), 87.5%(7/8), 75.0%(6/8), 50.0%(4/8), and 37.8%(3/8), respectively. The 2, 3 and 4 multi- infection of wild boars are 25.0%(1/4). The 2, 3 and 4 multi- infection of flying squirrel are 50.0%(4/8), 25.0%(2/8), and 25.0%(2/8), receptively. In this investigation, the data is accumulated progressively and matched with the current study location and the main purpose is for establishing the animal''s parasitic data of aboriginal tribes'' area in Taiwan and link to Geography Information System. Then the infectious disease, public health, epidemiology and epidemic situation of human and animal in aboriginal tribes could be monitored and controlled instantly and the hygiene education of the tribes could be improved and the parasite disease induced by other disease could also be reduced.

並列關鍵字

animal ； blood ； stool ； parasite ； aboriginal tribes ； Taiwan

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