支援產品設計人因評估之含人模虛擬場景建構

Development of Human-included Virtual Environment to Support Ergonomic Evaluation in Product Design

陳振豪(Jen-Hau Chen)

指導教授 ： 孫天龍

元智大學/工程學院/工業工程與管理學系/碩士(2008年)

摘要

台灣產業近年來逐漸從OEM 經營模式轉型升級到ODM 甚至OBM 經營模式，產品設計對台灣的企業越來越重要，而以人為本的考量是產品設計中很重要的一環，產品設計時除了考量功能外觀外，更需考量使用者操作之安全、便利與效率。雖然實體原型可輔助產品設計之評估，但實體原型造價昂貴、製作費時又無法即時修改，近年來，隨著3D 數位內容軟硬體技術逐漸成熟，使用數位化的虛擬原型來進行產品設計之人因評估亦逐漸變得可行。過去已有許多學者探討使用含人模的虛擬場景輔助產品設計之人因評估如工業安全、績效評估等，用於產品設計人因評估的虛擬場景主要有兩大類，第一類使用靜止姿勢(static posture)的人模進行與關節角度負載相關之人因評估， 第二類使用即時驅動(user-puppeteered) 的人模進行與時間績效有關之人因評估，對於第二類的虛擬場景而言，當人模與場景物件之互動變得複雜時，虛擬場景的互動設計會變成一項 很有挑戰性的工作，過去相關研究也都沒有討論人模與場景物件之互動設計。本研究提出一系統化方式以設計可即時互動之含人模虛擬模型，輔助產品設計之人因評估，並討論實做方式，最後，再以此圖形工具Petri Net 表示與控制VR 模型之互動細節，如此不但容易驗證程式執行結果，也可強化VR 模型互動程式設計之溝通。

關鍵字

虛擬實境 ； 虛擬人模 ； 產品設計 ； 人因評估 ； Petri Net

並列摘要

As Taiwan’s manufacturing companies are shifting from OEM business type to ODM and OBM, product design becomes more and more important to Taiwan’s manufacturing companies. To ensure product design could meet customer's requirements, human-related issues such as safety, convenience and efficiency have to taken into account. To support evaluation of human-related issues, prototypes are
usually used. Although physical prototypes are useful in design evaluation, they suffer from drawbacks such as high construction cost, long develop time and unable to be
modified in real-time. Virtual reality-based prototype, on the other hand, is promising to provide design evaluation with low cost, easy implementation and modification in
real-time. Recently many researches have developed human-included VE to support ergonomics evaluation in product design. Most of these researches employ two type of virtual environment design. The first one uses static posture to perform ergonomic evaluation of joint-angle related problems. The second one uses user-puppeteered
virtual human to perform ergonomic evaluation related to time-related performances. But as the interaction between virtual human and virtual objects becomes complex,
designing a human-populated VE becomes a challenging task, which has been seldom addressed by previous researches. This research develops a systematic way to develop a human-included virtual prototype in which human users could puppeteer the virtual human in real-time, and the virtual human could interact with objects in the VE. The research result is used to support ergonomic evaluation of product design. Then we discuss the implementation details, at last, we use Petri Net to represent and control the interaction details of the product VR model. So, it’s more easily to verify the implement of the programs, and we could stronger the communication of the interaction programs in the design phase.

並列關鍵字

Virtual reality ； virtual human ； product design ； ergonomic evaluation ； Petri Net

參考文獻

蕭汶企，2007，拆解限制圖與Petri Net 輔助建構互動式產品維修訓練VR 模型之研究，元智大學，碩士論文。

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