中高齡者消費特性與消費模式之研究-以旅遊為例

A Study of the Elderly Characteristics and Patterns of Consumption : A Case Study of Tourism

劉玫鳳(Mei-Feng Liu)

指導教授 ： 陳燕楨

元智大學/人文社會學院/社會暨政策科學學系/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6838/YZU.2011.00085

摘要

台灣早已進入高齡化社會，龐大的中高齡人口帶來巨大的消費商機，而中高齡者之社會背景與個人因素的不同，消費型態也與過去有很大的不同；由於人口老化與休閒意識之提升，旅遊成為中高齡者休閒活動的首選。本研究主要在探討中高齡者在旅遊過程當中的消費行為，來分析中高齡之消費特色與型態，並建構出中高齡者在旅遊方面之消費模式。本研究採質化研究的深度訪談法，以喜歡旅遊的中高齡者、受訪中高齡者之子女及旅遊業者進行三方的訪談，收集第一手深度性資料，共完成訪談21位。本研究結果為：中高齡者在旅遊的消費類型有人群依賴型、符號意識型、健康娛樂型及社會交際型；人群依賴型在消費的過程當中易受他人影響，符號意識型喜歡購買收藏之相關藝術品，健康娛樂型喜歡購買健康食品及藥物，社會交際型則會為了良好的人際關係購買東西。本研究亦提出具體建議：1.在政府的政策方面，落實旅遊安全的保障，鼓勵中高齡者參與旅遊並簡化出入境之手續；2.在旅行業者方面，建立無障礙旅遊並提升服務人員素質；3.在中高齡者方面，鼓勵中高齡者平時應多運動充實旅遊資訊，使用旅行支票增加經濟安全保障。

關鍵字

消費特性 ； 旅遊 ； 成功老化 ； 需求理論 ； 社會支持

並列摘要

Taiwan became an aging society has been a long time. Elderly population bring a huge consumer business opportunities. Different social background and personal factors, the consumption patterns of the elderly are also different with the past. As promotion of the aging population and leisure awareness, tourism became the first choice for leisure activities of the elderly. The purpose of this study is aimed to investigate the consumer behavior in tourism and current status to analyze the characteristics and patterns of consumption of the elderly. Furthermore, we have constructed the model of consumption of the elderly in tourism. A qualitative research in depth interviews is used in this study. Interviews with three parties, i.e. the elderly like to travel, children of elderly respondents, workers of traveling business, have been participation. The in-depth information in first hand consequently has been collected and there are 21 interviewees successfully recruited. The findings of this study show that the elderly in tourism of the consumption, people dependent type, symbolic awareness type, health entertainment and social communication type.
The findings of this study have shown that people dependent type is influenced easily by others in shopping, the symbolic awareness type likes to buy art collection, the health entertainment type likes to buy health food and medicine, the social communication type would buy things for relationships. Finally, this paper also provides forth concrete proposals: 1. At the aspect of the government policies, the implementation of tourist safety, encourage the elderly to participate in the tourism and simplify immigration formalities; 2. At the aspect of the travel industry, build barrier-free travel and improve service quality; 3. At the aspect of the elderly, they should be encourage to get more exercise usually and enrich information of the tourism and use traveler's checks to increase economic security.

並列關鍵字

social support ； consumption characteristics ； tourism ； successful aging ； demand theory

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