模糊理論應用於智能窗戶之研究

最近幾年來，關於以智能窗戶為主題的研究明顯的增加了，而大部分的研究都集中在電致變色的研究、安全防盜、等其它不同領域的研究。本論文提出讓一般家中的窗戶能夠利用模糊理論隨著溫度的變化來控制窗戶本身開閤程度的控制系統，以調節室內溫度，達到健康及節能的目的。而為了安全顧慮，本設計亦加裝超音波感測器，以防止夾人或偵測異物，此設計亦可直接用以防盜警示。此外，我們也利用雨水感測器，使得窗戶得以在落雨時自動關閉。在模糊理論的應用方面，本論文使用Max-Min來做推論演算法，而解模糊化的過程則採用CoM演算控制，其優點為運算簡單，結果具連續性。本研究將此模糊理論實現於以低成本的PIC單晶片所完成的嵌入式系統，韌體程式的設計上共有5種運作模式，分別是自動模式、手動模式、校正模式、安全模式和警告模式。在機構的設計上，窗戶的上方安裝一個直流馬達，然後利用齒條和齒輪來推動窗戶，控制系統則以各感測器擷取的信號及操作模式以控制馬達的正反轉來移動窗戶的位置。為了驗證可行性，我們使用一個實驗廂體來模擬室內空間，大小為27cm * 60cm* 80cm，利用風扇及蠟燭模擬不可預期的溫度變化，研究中發現本控制系統能成功地收斂實驗廂體內的溫度至預設的溫度。

關鍵字

模糊邏輯；智能窗戶；中心最大法；最大最小合成法

並列摘要

In recent years, within the field of home electrical, a gradual but marked shift in the focus of smart window research has taken place. Most studies focus on electro-chromic glass, security system, and other different fields. We designed an electronic control system which makes a general manual window control its position to follow the room temperature by fuzzy logic. The purpose was to adjust room temperature by window. The overall system can be applied to save energy and keep healthy. For the safety concern, we use the ultrasonic sensor in the smart window to avoid hitting people or object. Besides, we utilize the rain detector to close window when it rains. We adopt the Max-Min algorithm to be our inference method and CoM algorithm in defuzzyfication procedure. The advantages of the above algorithms were less calculation time and CoM can results in continuing. The study applied fuzzy theory into low cost PIC to build an embedded system. Five operation modes were built by firmware code. These modes are Auto mode, Manual mode, Safety mode, Calibration mode and Alarm mode. As for the mechanical design, the DC motor was installed on top of general window then use the gear and gear rack to move window. Control system utilizes the motor rotate direction to move window position. DC motor rotate direction depending on the different signals from the sensors and operation mode then makes the decision to pull or push window. To approve ability of our design, using a test box to simulate room space, the size was designed in 27cm*60cm*80cm. Meanwhile as general fan and a burned candle to given makes unexpected change temperature. In the study, the finding is that control system applied fuzzy logic success to convergence temperature degree of test box.

並列關鍵字

Fuzzy logic ； Smart window ； CoM ； Max-Min

參考文獻

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(7) On Semiconductor, LM2575 Data Sheet, 2005

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模糊理論應用於智能窗戶之研究

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