母親與其早產新生兒建立依附關係之經驗歷程

本研究的目的是藉由錄影帶深入探討母親與其早產新生兒建立依附關係之經驗歷程。採現象學研究法，以低結構性訪談指引，與十位早產兒母親進行深度訪談完成資料之收集。訪談期間，研究者將早產兒母親看錄影帶時所表達的語言和非語言行為，寫成敘述體的行為過程記錄，再以Colaizzi分析法，將資料整理與歸納，並對涵意加以歸類及命名。研究結果發現，母親與其早產新生兒建立依附關係之經驗歷程，可歸納為二大類，三個主題，以及九個次主題：一、母親未看到錄影帶時的母子依附關係，分別為（一）『依附關係的失落』，其次主題為「母親角色的失落」，（二）『嘗試自我營造依附關係』，其次主題為、「竭盡所能的想像孩子的模樣」、「嘗試確認孩子是健康的」；二、母親看到錄影帶時之母子依附關係，主要為『依附關係的蘊育』，其次主題分別為「藉由與家人比較，進而認同孩子」、「鉅細靡遺的關注」、「不相吻合的感受」、「為人母的擔憂」、「為人母盡一分心力」、「為即將到來的實際居家早產兒照護做準備」。本研究的結果，可協助護理人員瞭解早產兒母子依附關係的建立過程，且可提供以家庭為中心的護理參考。

關鍵字

錄影帶；早產兒；母親；依附關係；現象學

並列摘要

Early mother-newborn attachment is very important for both of them. The children might be abused or neglected result from “poor” relationship. Traditional idea and hospital policy in Taiwan may influence mother-premature newborn attachment development. The purpose of this study was to explore the lived experience related to maternal attachment of premature newborn mothers. Researcher took videotape at feeding time in NICU. The researcher conducted an in-depth interview with premature mothers by showing the videotape. Then verbal recordings were analyzed by using Colaizzi’s phenomenological methodology. The results were identified into two dimensions: (1) Before the mothers watch the videotape, the attachment experiences of the mothers were categorized into lack of attachment (loss of mothers role) and trying to build attachment by herself (trying to imagine newborn appearance and trying to ensure the infant is healthy) (2) When the mothers watched the videotape, the attachment experience of the mother were categorized into brew of attachment (compare with the family members of the mothers then making the perception of newborn, attention of concern, sense of mismatch, mother’s worry, with all mother’s devotion and to prepare for the future home care of premature newborn). The results of this study may help professionals to provide health care from cultural viewpoint in the future. They can be applied as references for nurses in their practical care of maternal attachment to their premature newborns and enhancing family-centered nursing.