- 學位論文
副食品添加與飲食多樣性對嬰兒營養素攝取的影響:2004-2008國民營養健康狀況變遷調查
Effect of choices of complementary foods and dietary diversity on nutrients uptake for infants. Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan, 2004-2008
摘要
目的：足夠營養在嬰兒生長發育及認知發展是重要關鍵因素；副食品是配方奶或母乳哺餵轉換一般食物的過渡期，也是嬰兒到成長後建立食物偏好的重要時期；因此本研究動機為探討台灣地區嬰兒副食品多樣性選擇之添加以了解對其營養素攝取之影響，希冀有助於未來營養教育實施及宣導。 方法：採自國家資料庫｢2004年至2008年國民營養健康狀況變遷調查｣進行分析。研究對象為0-12個月嬰兒，排除月齡小於4個月或有補充營養補充品。資料採加權處理，並利用Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test等方法分析，統計軟體以SPSS 22.0.版進行。 結果：有、無添加副食品兩組間營養素足量比為80％達到或超過建議攝取量。其中鋅、維生素B12、維生素A以及整體營養素平均足量比，有添加副食品顯著高於無添加副食品。飲食多樣性較高之組別，各營養素足量比及整體營養素平均足量比高於飲食多樣性較低之組別。 結論：台灣地區嬰兒大部分巨量營養素攝取是足夠的，但微量營養素之攝取普遍不足。而多樣性副食品之添加，可助於各種巨量及微量營養素的足量獲得。
並列摘要
Purpose: Adequate nutrients uptake is the important factor for infant growth and cognitive development. For infants, Complementary food intervention is the transitional period of breast feeding to ordinary diet and it is also the important period to develop diet preference from baby to growing up. Therefore, the aim of study is to investigate the effect of diverse complementary foods choices on nutrients uptake for infants in Taiwan. Hoping it helps to promote future nutrition education implementation and propaganda of nutrition education. Methods: The database of Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan, 2004-2008 was analyzed. The subjects of study are 0 - 12 months-old infants, excluding baby age younger than 4 months and nutritional supplements intake. Data were processed by weighted approach and analyzed by Wilcoxon Rank-Sum Test. Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS version 22.0. Results: The 80% of nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) in with and without complementary food intervention could reach or even over than Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) of Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs). The zinc, vitamin B12, vitamin A and mean adequacy ratio (MAR) uptake are significantly increased in complementary feeding groups than without complementary feeding group. Both of NAR and MAR are higher in high-dietary diversity group than low-dietary diversity group. Conclusion: For infants in Taiwan, most of macro-nutrients uptake are sufficient, but micronutrients uptake are universally deficiency. Diverse complementary foods intervention helps to get dietary diversity adequate uptake of macronutrients and micronutrients.