地震後家戶調整行為之比較研究－以埔里、東勢及新化鎮為例

Comparative Study of Household Adjustment after Earthquakes - with Puli, Dongshih and Sinhua town as study areas

章國恩(Kuo-En Chang)

指導教授 ： 薩支平

長榮大學/管理學院/土地管理與開發研究所/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6833/CJCU.2008.00108

摘要

大規模地震經常對衝擊地區帶來嚴重的損失；在所有社會層級中，家戶受地震衝擊是最直接也最脆弱的。本研究以家戶為研究對象，在地震災害的時間變遷下，家戶是如何透過災害經驗累積與其災害風險知覺而進行調整決策。藉由瞭解家戶之調整行為，提供管理層級影響家戶決策之意見，以利未來防救災決策能有效落實於家戶層級中。
　　本研究整合家戶調整相關文獻提出理論模式，並藉由三份不同時期之問卷資料，透過線性結構方程模式驗證理論模式與假說，再提出結論與建議。研究發現，家戶在災後所採取的調整行為，隨衝擊時間的變遷下，執行意願有明顯下滑的趨勢；影響家戶調整行為的主因是災害經驗與社經地位，其次是弱勢程度。
　　研究針對地震，建議政府應重視較無災害經驗之地區，提高其風險知覺；針對社經地位與社會弱勢程度較低以及久居於當地之家戶進行調整行為活動的宣導；成立地方防救組織，並安排宣導活動，使民眾在參與相關活動後能正視災害防救工作之重要。

關鍵字

災害經驗 ； 風險知覺 ； 家戶調整行為 ； 線性結構關係模式

並列摘要

Extensive earthquakes may cause serious damages. Among all social levels, household is the social unit might hit by earthquakes directly. This study adopts households as the study units; the purpose of this study is to understand the adoption of adjustment behavior with associated perceived risk and earthquake experience. The study of adjustment behaviors might offers suggestions and opinions to the government, to improve the effectiveness of future disaster relief for all governmental levels.
　　This study integrates relevant household adjustment theories and proposes a new theoretical model which is examined through of three questionnaires, completed at different times. The Linear Structure Relation (LISREL) was used as the analytical tool. The study reveals that, the household adjustment behaviors after calamity, have a significant downward trend. The main influence to the households adjustment is the experience of the specific hazard and social position, follows by the potential vulnerability of the household.
　　This Study advises that the government should pay more attention to the area having relatively less experience to disaster, thus improve their risk perception. It may also to society with high degree of vulnerability and households with longer tenure. The government should encourage the public adjust their behaviors. Local Emergency Management Agency (LEMA) should be established and organized drills and practices to involve the public in mitigation and preparation activities.

並列關鍵字

Hazard Experience ； Risk Perception ； Household Adjustment behavior ； Linear Structure Relation (LISREL)

參考文獻

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