本文主要從司法審查角度出發,討論環評訴訟事件司法審查密度及判斷標準。第二章簡介目前我國環評實務運作所產生的爭議。第三章首先討論裁量、不確定法律概念及判斷餘地之理論,此係目前學說上對於環評事件審查密度決定及審查標準之主流見解,其次討論並歸納目前我國環評判決中法院所採用之審查密度及適用的判斷標準,發現法院審查密度整體雖似偏向嚴格,但仍有不一致的情形,且法院適用判斷瑕疵標準時亦有不一致、不明確甚至不充足的問題。第四章則進入本文之核心,首先提出司法決定審查密度應全面考量事件所涉性質,環評事件具有少數偏頗的政治程序失靈現象、程序正當性未充實、基本權關聯性及干預嚴重性與長遠利益等性質,因此司法應提高審查密度;其次以美國實務為主要參考對象,整理出環評報告的基本應考量要素同時作為法院之應審查事項:包含直接影響、間接影響、累積性影響、替代方案及減輕方案,並提出數項對內容說明要求的判斷標準,另外建議我國法院應加強對環評結論的審查,包含「有條件通過」之條件採用,及嚴格要求行政機關履行說明義務。
The judicial review issues, level of scrutiny and criteria of judgment, of environmental impact assessment (EIA) are discussed in this thesis. Chapter 2 introduces the controversy of the EIA system and execution in Taiwan. Chapter 3 discusses the conventional theory of discretion and indefinite concepts of law, which are the main theories of judicial review of EIAs, and concluded that the level of scrutiny and the criteria of judgment used by courts in EIA cases in Taiwan were not consistent. In Chapter 4, the core idea is proposed that the decision of the level of scrutiny should consider every property involved, and the level of scrutiny should be strict in EIA judicial reviews due to the following factors involved: political malfunction, fulfillment of due process, intervention possibility of rights, and the long-term interests. On the other hand, referred to the American practice, some basic elements in criteria of judgment are suggested to be reviewed in EIA events: direct effect, indirect effect, cumulative effect, alternative, and mitigation measures. Also, courts should enforce the administrative agency to explain their review reason and should review the EIA decision strictly, especially on the conclusion of conditional approval.