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  • 學位論文

企業經營策略與產業聚群關係之研究 ─以蘇州地區台商印刷電路板產業為例

A Research on Relationship of Business Strategy and Industrial Cluster ─Taiwan Printed Circuit Board Industry in Suzhou

指導教授 : 嚴奇峰
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摘要


論文摘要 2003年中國大陸的印刷電路板產值已經超過台灣達到僅次於日本的地位。台灣PCB產業從10年前開始有較多的廠商陸續到大陸投資,初期以華南地區的珠江三角洲一帶為主,近五年來主要以華東長江三角洲一帶為主,約有35%左右的廠商在此設廠,華東這個地區逐漸成為電子產業的世界生產基地之一。目前對蘇州地區PCB研究文獻不多,而且就研究主題來看,焦點多在競爭策略或傳統產業的聚群現象之實證研究上,對於環境因素、企業特性、產業特性、經營策略及產業聚群間的關係研究文獻則更形缺少。 本文首先根據相關文獻探討及相關學者的研究結論歸納出以下幾種蘇州地區台商PCB產業的關係作為分析的架構:一、環境因素與企業特性之間的關係;二、環境因素與產業特性之間的關係;三、企業特性與企業經營策略之間的關係;四、產業特性與產業聚群之間的關係;五、環境因素與企業的經營策略之間的關係;六、環境因素與產業聚群之間的關係。七、經營策略與產業聚群之間的關係等,以討論台商PCB產業的發展。 本研究採問卷調查方式進行實證研究,根據回收問卷整理並進行基本的統計分析如:信度分析、因素分析、相關分析、單因子變異數分析、Scheffe事後檢定及卡方檢定,藉以分析各構面因素之間的關係及影響的顯著性是否存在。 研究發現摘要如下: 一、環境因素與企業特性的關係方面 蘇州地區台商,主要考慮大陸 人工成本及生產成本較低,且初期資金主要靠台灣母公司協助。企業會考慮到設廠地點供應商的位置、技術能力以及產品種類的組合。 二、環境因素與產業特性的關係方面 因為大陸經營條件改變,台商主要考慮當地採購及當地供應的便利性,且產品會供應給當地電子廠商。 三、企業特性與企業經營策略的關係 對於供應鏈上的客戶及供應商所在位置會是經營策略上的考量重點之一。企業認為相對的規模經濟經營才能使後續發展的資金來源無。 四、產業特性與產業聚群之間的關係 台商將生命週期屬成熟期的產品類別轉至大陸生產,廠商彼此間也存在一種與台灣不同的競爭關係。聚群形成是因為產業間的分工與整合的關係所造成的一種組合。 五、環境因素與企業經營策略之間的關係方面 台商認為低成本多元發展上因競爭者也不斷地加入,而產能的擴充速度大於市場需求,造成利潤壓縮,廠商需將較有利潤的產品留在台灣生產。 六、環境因素與產業聚群之間的關係方面 顧客及國際化需求及大陸經營條件改變會形成多重利益式聚群;低製造成本會形成競爭的聚群關係。 七、經營策略與產業聚群之間的關係方面 低成本多元發展的經營策 略是多重利益式聚群成員共同的策略。 關鍵詞:印刷電路板產業、環境因素、企業特性、產業特性、經營策略、 產業聚群

並列摘要


Abstract The sales of PCB (Printed Circuit Board) in China had exceeded Taiwan’s amount in 2003 and become to be the second largest in the world. Taiwan PCB firms had focused their investments in southern area of China at first. However, Eastern area of China became a hot investing area 5 years earlier due to major EMS (Electronic Manufacturing Service) and Electronics companies decided to move their business into this area. The purpose of this research is to find the relationship between business strategies and industrial cluster of Taiwan PCB firms in Suzhou. This research established 5 dimensions in the conceptual framework. Survey questionnaire was developed basing on these dimensions that included environmental factors, firm characteristics, business strategies as well as industrial cluster. Statistical methods used in this research included reliability analysis, factor analysis, correlation analysis, ANOVA and Chi-square test. This research findings and conclusions are as follow: 1. The relationship between environmental factors and business characteristics:Taiwan PCB firms in Suzhou tried to take the advantages of lower labor cost and production cost in China. And the initial capital investments were generally came from Taiwan’s mother company. PCB firms also took the location of suppliers, and suppliers’ technological capability and product categories into account. 2.The relationship between environmental factors and PCB Industrial characteristics:Due to the change of business conditions, Taiwan’s investors tried to purchase from suppliers and to supply to their customers locally to gain efficiency. 3.The relationship between business characteristics and business strategies: The supply chain of customers and suppliers’ location will be a major consideration of business strategy. And economic scale of firm will improve business continuous development and increased capital gains. 4.The relationship between industrial characteristics and industrial cluster:Taiwan PCB firms transferred products to China which was on maturity stage of product life cycle, and the inter-firms’ relationship is more competitive than in Taiwan. The forming of cluster is a combination of division of labor and integration. 5.The relationship between environmental factors and business strategies:Low cost with diversified development strategic will lead to competitor’s continuous entrance. Most of Taiwan PCB firms had low-end products made in China, high-end with profitable products manufactured in Taiwan. 6.The relationship between environmental factors and industrial cluster:The factors of customer requirements and globalization formed a multiple-benefit type of cluster. And low production cost factor formed a competitive cluster. 7.The relationship between business strategies and industrial cluster:The strategy of low cost with diversified developments for multiple-benefit clustering will be a common strategy for the members of the cluster. Key words: PCB; environmental factors; enterprise characteristics; Industrial characteristic; business strategy; Industrial cluster.

參考文獻


11.侯政宏,(民90),大陸台商群聚現象之研究-以蘇州地區監視器業為例,中原大學企業管理學系未出版碩士論文。
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16.陳建旭,(民92),IC產業聚群之競爭優勢研究—以海峽兩岸為例,成功大學管理學院高階管理碩士班未出版碩士論文。
3. 吳淑貞,(民91),產業網絡、群聚現象與企業競爭力關係之研究-以兩岸製鞋業為例,中原大學企業管理學系未出版碩士論文。
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