地理資訊系統於石門水庫集水區降雨逕流分析之應用

Analysis of Rainfall-runoff model for Shihmen Watershed by using Geographic Information System

鄭力嘉(Li-Chia Cheng)

指導教授 ： 蔡西銘 ； 張德鑫

中原大學/工學院/土木工程研究所/碩士(2005年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200500044

摘要

本研究應用地理資訊系統之概念，利用數值地形模型、地理資訊系統軟體與集水區模擬系統軟體內相關之水文分析模組，以建立一符合石門水庫集水區現地情況之分布型水文演算模式。研究中考慮集水區實際之土地利用狀況與土壤分佈情形，採用SCS曲線值法估計降雨損失、再利用集水區模擬系統中之水文分析模式進行降雨-逕流模擬。研究中首先以SCS無因次單位歷線法推估各子集水區出流歷線，及對系統中之榮華壩進行水庫演算。各子集水區之串聯採
用馬斯金更-康奇法進行河川演算，進而求得整個集水區流量歷線。
為驗證模式之適用性，本研究以六場颱風來模擬石門水庫入流歷線之洪峰流量與洪峰到達時間之分佈狀況並與觀測值比較，結果顯示所模擬的水庫入流歷線均與觀測之入流歷線差異不大，其洪峰流量之誤差平均值為5.21%，洪峰到達時刻除溫妮颱風延遲2小時，其餘均在
1小時內，顯示模式可應用石門水庫集水區暴雨事件之模擬。

關鍵字

降雨逕流 ； 地理資訊系統

並列摘要

The research applied the concept of Geographic Information System using Digital Terrain Model, the software of GIS and Water Modeling System(WMS) to build distributed hydrological rounting model of the Shihmen Watershed that conform to real situation. In the study, I considered the situation of the real landuse and soil distribution, and used SCS CN value to estimate the rainfall loss. Finally, using the hydrological analysis model of the WMS preceded rainfall-runoff simulation. At first, using SCS dimensionless hydrograph method to estimate the outflow hydrograph of each subbasin and to proceed storage routing of the Zong-Hwa dam in the system. The connection of each subbasin used Muskingum-Cunge Method to proceed river routing, and get the
discharge hydrograph of the whole watershed.
The research collected six typhoons to simulate the distribution of the peak flow and the time of peak flow of the Shihmen Reservoir and compared with observation data. The result appeared that the difference between the simulation and observation data of the inflow hydrograph was similar. The average error of the peak flow was 5.21%, and all of time of peak flow were less than an hour except of Wenny Typhoon delaying 2 hours. So, the model can apply to simulate the rainfall event at
Shihmen watershed.

並列關鍵字

Geographic Information System ； Rainfall-runoff

參考文獻

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