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  • 學位論文

應用為製造及組裝而設計理論於電子產品製程改善與品質之研究

Applying DFM&A theory improvement on manufacturing and quality of the electronic products

指導教授 : 楊康宏
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摘要


在電子產品組裝中,生產製程對於品質的變異因素很多,將直接影響到電子產品的功能性,產品開發之中的概念設計階段,通常是決定產品成本與品質的關鍵。故在產品開發的早期階段,減少錯誤設計次數及生產製程的選擇,為主要關鍵因素,將可降低產品不良率和提高生產效率。Boothroyd (1994)提出以為製造及組裝而設計理論(Design for manufacture and assembly, DFMA),從早期設計中,概念融入產品設計中,來降低印刷電路板組裝(Printed Circuit Board Assembly, PCBA)製程不良率,依據製造與組裝的設計需求,改善現有產品中不必要的浪費,提升生產能力,不但可以有效達到產品功能要求,且可使生產成本降低,使產品設計能確切配合製程與組裝,達到整體同步工程的目標。 根據田口博士提出的品質工程中,大多數公司都將核心重點放在系統設計上,卻忽略了參數設計的重要性。本研究分別以產品設計改良而及製程改善兩個領域,探討電子產品中,藉由個案探討如何以設計達到降低製程與組裝的品質問題,與製造設備改善,進行品質的相關改善。其研究成果運用在實務上,有助於提昇吃錫不良等相關問題。 實驗結果顯示,在產品設計階段,印刷電路板(Printed Circuit Board, PCB) 的設計,可將潛在缺陷問題予以修正或改善,減少預期發生的品質問題,降低產品設計重新變更或重工時間,在製程改善階段,針對製程常出現的不良因子短路、漏焊、吃錫未滿 75%等,添加超音波噴霧及新增氮氣設備,在解決生產實務上焊點遇到不良的相關問題,減少成本與時間上的浪費,從實務中驗證改善結果,評估生產效益及影響品質良率的參數,Flux噴霧量在導入之後,節省42%的成本,氮氣設備使錫棒用量較原先減少37%,錫渣量也減少38%,清除錫渣的時間也減少45分鐘,大幅改善效率了品質不良的問題發生。

並列摘要


Because the concept design phase in the product initializing stage is usually the key for defining the cost and the quality of the product, to reduce non-performing rate of PCBA manufacturing process, from the early design concept of DFMA is integrated into the product design. According to the manufacturing assembly design requirements to improve unnecessary wastes in the design, the ability to enhance the production only helps achieving the product functional requirements, but also assists reducing design and production cost. Products designed to meet the exact process and assembly, to achieve the overall goal of concurrent engineering. According to Dr. Taguchi's quality engineering, most companies will focus on the core design of the system design, while neglecting the importance of design parameters. This research for both product design and system process design explores how to improve manufacturing processes and design approach electronics assembly with a case study. A series of practical experiments on conducting the product design and wave solder processes helps to improve the solderability and other related issues. The experimental results show that PCB design changes can amend potential defects in the product design stage and, reduce product redesign changes or rework time. In the process improvement phase, an inclusion of flux spray results in 42% of cost saving; adverse nitrogen equipment comparing to the original usage has 37% in reduction; dross is reduced by 38%; dross clean time reduces 45 minutes comparing to the original process. All of the evidences show that the new solution improves the efficiency and prevents the poor quality problem from reoccurrence.

並列關鍵字

DFMA Improved design Process Improvement

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