發展與應用二段式診斷測驗工具探討 國中學生壓力之迷思概念

Development and Application of a Two-Tier Diagnostic Test to Examine Junior High School Students’ Misconceptions of Pressure

張文馨(Wen-Hsin Chang)

指導教授 ： 楊坤原

中原大學/人文與教育學院/教育研究所/碩士(2015年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201500284

摘要

本研究的目的在發展壓力的二段式診斷測驗工具，並探討國中八、九年級的學生對於壓力迷思概念的差異。
本研究工具是透過理化科教師的商討，藉由專家審查的壓力概念圖、壓力命題知識陳述、雙向細目表，並對55位國中學生做預試，完成二段式診斷測驗工具的初稿，並作為試題修正之依據，以建立壓力概念二段式診斷測驗工具，探討有關壓力的迷思概念。
本研究的對象以桃園市立國民中學學生為母群體，共選取有意願之六所國中的八、九年級學生共339位做正式樣本施測，藉由三位在學校教學經驗五年以上的理化正式教師建立專家效度與分析測驗的結果，求得信度Cronbach α係數為.885，難度指數（P）為.38，鑑別度（D）為.558，以確認二段式診斷測驗工具的可行性。
研究結果顯示，國中學生有關壓力之主要的迷思概念有（1）學生以為重力就是正向力或壓力、（2）壓力就是力的一種形式、（3）水從小孔噴出的方向與水的流動方向有關，以及（4）大氣壓力隨高度增加而增加。
研究結果也發現，不同年級對於整體壓力概念及各九大核心概念皆有以下顯著的差異，九年級的得分皆顯著優於八年級的得分（p＜.05）。

關鍵字

迷思概念 ； 二段式 ； 壓力

並列摘要

The purpose of the study was to develop a two-tier diagnostic test to analyze junior high school students’ misconceptions in pressure and to investigate gender differences of 8th and 9th graders’ conceptions in pressure using the two-tier diagnostic test.
In order to measure junior high school students' misconception in pressure, the instrument of the two-tier diagnostic test in pressure has been developed. The test items were modified continually with discussions among physics teachers, expert-discriminated pressure concept maps, proposition knowledge declaration of pressure, a two-way specification table, and the pretests administered for 55 students.
The target population of the study were junior high school students in Taoyuan, and the samples of the study were 339 students in 8th and 9th grade. Prior to completion, the questionnaire was tested for reliability using the Cronbach alpha coefficient and it was found to have a reliability score of .885, indicating an acceptable reliability coefficient.
By the result of expert validity and test analyzing, we could find that the reliability Cronbach alpha＝.885, item difficulty index Pt＝.38, and item discrimination index Dt＝.558, and confirmed that the two-tier diagnostic test tool can be put into practice.
Based on the data analysis using the two-tier diagnostic test tool, the findings of junior high school students' major misconceptions in pressure are summarized as follows:
(1) Students thought gravity is a positive force or pressure.
(2) Students thought pressure is a form of force.
(3) Students thought the direction water would flow relates to where it gushes from.
(4) Students thought atmospheric pressure increases with height.
The results of the study also indicated a significant difference in pressure misconceptions among students in different grades. The grades of the 9th graders are better than those of the 8th graders.

並列關鍵字

Misconception ； Pressure ； Two-Tier

參考文獻

柏昱丞（2014）。國中生「二段式光學迷思概念診斷測驗」發展與應用（未出版之碩士論文）。中原大學教育研究所。

黃瑞琴（1991）。質的教育研究法。台北：心理。

張容君、張惠博（2007）。國中學生"燃燒"概念診斷之研究。科學教育學刊，15（6），671-701。

楊坤原、張賴妙理（2004）。發展和應用二段式診斷工具來偵測國中一年級學生之遺傳學另有概念。科學教育學刊，12（1），107-131。

邱美虹（2000）。概念改變研究之省思與啟示。科學教育學刊，8（1），1-34。