本研究旨在探討學前特殊幼兒與一般手足之互動困境、家長解決策略與促進良好手足互動關係之方法。研究對象以立意取樣的方式,選取兩個家庭,每個家庭有特殊幼兒1 名、手足1 名、及其父親和母親,總共8 名。本研究採質性研究法,真實進入兩個家庭,透過訪談及觀察,蒐集家庭內手足間與親子間互動的相關資料;爾後,再以「開放性編碼」、「主軸編碼」、「選擇編碼」等方式作資料分析。 主要研究發現如下: 一、特殊幼兒常使用非口語溝通方式與一般手足互動。 二、特殊幼兒與一般手足互動困境之三項可能因素:(1)手足間缺乏互動經驗難以培養親密的依附關係;(2)認知差異以致於無法合作互動;(3)特殊幼兒過於依賴父母的協助,使互動無法順利進行;(4)一般手足對特殊幼兒的不了解;(5)父母缺乏對手足衝突問題的解決策略。 三、父母面對手足互動困境之可能解決策略:(1)針對遊戲困境,母親藉由親自參與遊戲,教導特殊幼兒正確的遊戲規則,並賦予一般手足教導的責任;(2)針對手足衝突的困境,母親介入當裁判或採取減少手足互動機會的預防策略,以避免衝突的發生。 四、二種可促進特殊幼兒與一般手足互動之方法:(1)藉由遊戲建立二者的對話平台﹔(2)尋求家庭內其他成員的支持與協助。
The purpose of this study was to explore the difficulties and strategies of interaction between young children with special needs and their siblings.The objects included 2 families, and each family had 1 young children with special needs、1 sibling and both parents. In this qualitative study, the researcher observed interactions of siblings and parents-children, and interviewed parents, furthermore used opening coding、axial coding、selective coding to analyze data. The results summarized as follows: (1) The negative interactions between young children with special needs and their siblings were happened more often than positive ones. (2) Reasons for difficulties of interaction between young children with special needs and their siblings included few interactive experienc e、ability different、and not understanding each other well. (3) Simply mother got involved with siblings interactive difficulties , but mostly parents did not how to resolve. (4) Strategies of promoting siblings’interaction included using games or activities、and finding support or assistance from other family members.