身體知覺與再現研究— 以現象學為方法探討旅行的設計操作

Research for Physical Sensation and Experimental Duplication- use Phenomennology as a Method to Discuss the Design Methodology of Traveling

劉品瑄(Pin-Hsuan Liu)

中原大學/設計學院/建築研究所/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/CYCU.2011.00093

摘要

「如何再現/呈現一段曾經經歷的知覺歷程？」對現代人來說在生活上我們鮮少去考究們每一刻時間的知覺體驗，除了在跳脫日常生活的步調之時我們才會用機械去幫助我們記憶那特別的時刻。人們在日常生活中總在知覺的無所意識下歷經了大多數的時間；而有特別的經歷又倚賴著非身體記憶的「外部載體」來記錄身體與世界的互動，如此是多麼違逆人之所以能夠融合感知而體現所感於世界中的本能？因此在本研究中我們以現象學為重返世界之匙，嘗試透過一些知覺的操作使原本的失語的、不明確的、模稜兩可的感知狀態成為多種面向的展開。
以設計學院的對學生在身體知覺上的再現訓練為範本。不同於其他研究有既定的探討對像，在本研究中是我們「製造」一個研究對象，以「旅行」這樣每個人都有過，但在其生命中卻是特別跳脫日常的步調的一個事件為手段，讓身體感知真實的落實，去認識世界並體現世界，成為研究的樣本取得。在整個操作過程中並非純然現象學式的理論探討與行動研究；也不是對知覺結構中五感甚至綜合感知的爬梳。而是透過旅行者用身體經歷旅行後提供其知覺的再現/呈現轉換成各種文本，再回到現象學來檢視其知覺的意向結構作為分析。我們使設計者同時也做為旅行者來給出其感知，研究對象以再現旅行中的身體與空間互動之歷程，嘗試用現象學來帶出關於身體敏感度的啟發，作為設計學習中再現的演練。因此對設計者/旅行者來說是重返知覺的再現練習；對研究者即是知覺解構與再現結構的分析探究。
「知覺」與「再現」是研究主軸上的兩大議題。我們先透過旅行者的知覺給出，連結出我們意識他者內在的回憶與想像，再透過分析來檢視如同洋蔥般的感知構造。而再現的部份則是藉由前知覺中回憶的延展來形成旅行的文本創作，透過文本，我們能見其訊息是如何被再現至每一個不同的時空與手法中。再現與真實分化在語境、影像、文本間；消長在當下、記憶、創作的不同時間切面及材料中來去。在此我們要考究期間的意向如何進行的，這些探究有助於我們得知在這樣的設計訓練中再現文本的生產意義究竟為何。這樣一個現象學式的設計操作，除了讓重拾感知在研究中被實踐外，我們獲得了設計與現象學間連結後的正面與背面之存在意涵，更獲得了知覺通往再現間多種可能的討論。

關鍵字

現象學 ； 意向性 ； 知覺 ； 回憶 ； 想像 ； 再現 ； 陳述 ； 文本 ； 設計訓練

並列摘要

”How to reproduce; how to present a piece of consciousness course that once went through?” In the modern society we seldom go to investigate our consciousness experience of every moment in our life, except we can use machinery to help that special moment of our memory while jumping and taking off the step of daily life.
People always go through most of the time in their daily life under having no consciousness but not aware and thinking they are in consciousness；and with the special experience people reliance is not body memory but so called ' outside carriers ' to record the interaction of our body and the world. This is how disobeying, the instinct that human can merge, perceive and reflect and feel the world. Therefore this research is taking the phenomenology as a key to lead us back to the world, and trying to make the original, the aphasia; the indeterminate ones and equivocation conscious status becoming a many kinds of expansion by go through the conscious operation.
Taking the reproducing training on the body consciousness of design school’s students as the model. This is different from other researches that it already has the object. In this research, we create our own object, everybody has had travel before, but it is the means to especially jump an incident of taking off the daily step in its life，Let the body perceive true implementation to know the world and reflect the world and become our research sample. Within all the operation procedure, this is not a theory studies or a action’s research of pure phenomenology, and it’s also not focus on the five senses in the consciousness structure or even the perceived synthetically. By going through the traveler using his body to experience the travel and offer the reproducing / appearing of his own consciousness and changing into various texts. Then get back to the phenomenology to check the intention structure of consciousness as analyzing. We make the designer provide their aesthesia as the tourist at the same time. The research object reproduced the course interacts with space and body when it was travelling. Try to take out of the inspiration about the body sensitivity through the way that the phenomenology is learnt, as the reproduced drill from designing study. So for designer / tourist this is a reproducing exercise of return consciousness；but for researcher, it is that the consciousness solves and constructs and reproduces the analysis of the structure to probe.
The ' consciousness ', with ' reproduces ' is two major topics on the research’s main shaft. We provide through the tourist's consciousness first, we connect with other’s inherent memory and imagination. And then through analyzing and check the onion kind of aesthesia structure of coming to check like the onion. With the reproduce part we are using the extension of our memory in our consciousness to make the travel’s text creation. Through the text, we can see their information is how to be reproduced in every different space-time and tactics. Reproduce and split up the truth among linguistic context, image, text；Growth and decline make a return journey in instantly, memory, different time tangent plane and material created. Here we want to investigate how the purpose was at this period carried on. This research can help us to understand with this design training what the meaning of production in reproduce text is. With this phenomenology kind of design operation, besides letting the recollect consciousness can be practiced in our research, we have gained the existence meaning from back and front of the connection of design and phenomenology, and we also have obtained there are many kinds of possible discussions that consciousness led to reproduced.

並列關鍵字

phenomenology ； purpose consciousness ； reproduce ； text ； design training. ； statement ； memory ； image

參考文獻

陳淼，《台南旅遊意象與襲產觀光動機對觀光客造訪意願之研究》國立高雄餐旅學院碩士論文士論文，2006年

莫里斯‧梅洛-龐蒂Maurice Merleau-Ponty 著，姜志輝 譯《知覺現象學》，北京：商務印書館，2005年07月

Maurice Merleau-Ponty，translated by Colin Smith，Phenomenology of Perception，New Jersey：The Humanities，1981

羅蘭‧巴特Roland Barthes 著，李幼蒸 譯，《寫作的零度》，台北：桂冠，1998 年2 月

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