本國銀行併購對中小企業融資的影響

The Impacts of Mergers and Acquisitions in Domestic Banks on Small and Medium Enterprises Lending

蔡莉玉(Li-Yu Tsai)

指導教授 ： 胡為善

中原大學/商學院/企業管理學系/碩士(2007年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200700428

摘要

最近十年來台灣的銀行業受到於全球化與自由化的衝擊，加上國內金融業爆發許多財務困難，使得我國自2001年起陸續形成銀行產業的併購風潮，其中銀行業者、社會與政府均受到影響。由於銀行業係台灣中小企業融資的一個極為重要之管道，因此銀行併購對其產生的影響就更值得關注。因此本研究之主要目的即係探討銀行併購之後對中小企業的融資是否造成影響作為研究主題。本研究係以本國銀行對中小企業放款比率做為衡量指標，選取2002年至2006年間的40家本國銀行做為樣本，並採用信保基金、併購行為、複雜程度、銀行規模、放款策略、財務狀況、與營運年數七項作為分析構面，且運用追蹤資料模式中的固定效果進行實證分析。其研究結果彙總如下：

1.本研究發現銀行規模與複雜度對中小企業放款比率呈顯著負相關，表示當本國銀行規模擴大與複雜度上升時，對中小企業之融資有不利的影響。
2.本研究結果得知銀行分行數與對中小企業融資比率呈負相關，顯示當銀行分行數增加時，會降低對中小企業融資的意願。
3.本研究發現股東權益報酬率對中小企業放款比率呈正相關，即銀行獲利能力增加時，會增加對中小企業放款比率。
4.實證結果得知銀行併購行為與對中小企業放款呈負相關，表示當本國銀行有併購行為時，會降低對中小企業放款意願。
5.本研究發現營運年數與對中小企業放款呈現正向影響，顯示當銀行成立時間愈久，其對中小企業放款比率愈高。

關鍵字

本國銀行 ； 放款比率 ； 追蹤資料模式 ； 固定效果模型 ； 中小企業融資

並列摘要

The banks, society and government are affected by the M&A trend in Taiwan banking industry since 2001 owing to the impacts of globalization, free trade trends and many financial scandals occurred in domestic financing systems for the past decade. Since the banks are the major funding resources for the small and medium size enterprises in Taiwan, the M&A trends in banking industry deserves great concern for the small and medium size enterprises. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the impacts of M&A in banks on the lending activities to the small and medium size enterprises. In order to achieve this objective, this study targets at 40 domestic banks during the period of 2002 to 2006 and utilizes the fixed-effects approach of Panel Data Model to investigate the impact of M&A in banks on the lending activities to the small and medium size enterprises from seven dimension factors. These seven dimension factors are Credit Guarantee Fund, merging activities, complexity, bank size, lending strategy, financial condition and tenure of operation. The empirical results are summarized as follows:

1.This study finds that bank size and complexity has a negative relationship with the lending portfolio to the small and medium size enterprises, suggesting that the larger and the more complex of the domestic bank is, the less lending amount it provides to the small and medium size enterprise.
2.The finding indicates that the number of branch is negatively related to the lending portfolio to the small and medium size enterprise, indicating that, as the expansion of the number of branch, the less willingness of the bank lend to the small and medium size enterprise.
3.The result shows that the rate of return on equity is positively related to the lending portfolio of the bank to the small and medium size enterprise, demonstrating that an increase in profits improves the lending portfolio to the small and medium size enterprise.
4.This work finds that the M&A behavior in domestic bank is negatively related to the lending portfolio of bank to the small and medium size enterprise, implying that after M&A, bank tends to reduce the lending amounts to the small and medium size enterprise.
5.This investigation also finds that the tenure of operation is positively related to the lending portfolio to the small and medium size enterprise, suggesting that the longer the bank has been established, the higher the lending portfolio it provides to the small and medium size enterprise.

並列關鍵字

Domestic Bank ； Fixed-Effects Model ； Small and Medium Size Enterprise ； Panel Data Model ； Lending Portfolios

參考文獻

古佳禾，2004，銀行往來關係、監督機制與道德危險之實証研究，中原大學國際貿易學系未出版碩士論文。

蔡瑞平，2004，銀行往來關係、投資支出與融資限制之實證研究，中原大學國際貿易學系未出版碩士論文。

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