實施創意教學在生活領域發展國小教師科技 學科教學知識之個案研究

A Case Study of Developing TPACK of Elementary Teachers through Creative Teaching in Llife Curriculum

李柏玲(Po-ling Lee)

指導教授 ： 張世忠

中原大學/人文與教育學院/教育研究所/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201200427

摘要

摘要
本研究旨在探討國小教師於二年級生活領域領施創意教學時，其科技學科教學知識(TPACK)的原貌及發展歷程，最後探討個案教師發展科技學科教學知識(TPACK)時所遭遇的困境與限制。
研究者透過個案研究，以參與觀察的角色，歷經十個月（100年8月至101年5月）觀察四位國小低年級教師在生活領域發展創意教學的歷程。搜集的質性資料包括教學會議記錄、教學錄影、深入訪談、創意教學相關文件和研究者省思札記。之後，進行資料的整理與分析。獲致主要的研究結果如下：
一、教師科技教學知識原貌
教師的學科內容知識主要來自片段的個人生活經驗，因此，所採用的教學法面向較單一。其教學策略和教學表徵表徵，以課本討論和教科書教具為主；且個案教師受限於教室資訊環境不佳，僅使用單向的影片教學。
二、教師科技教學知識的發展
創意教學歷程中，教師對學科內容知識的理解位居重要角色，影響其對教學策略、表徵與科技工具的應用。創意教學使教師首先在學科內容知識上尋求提升，並透過多次教學會議討論，在教學表徵和教學策略上做出更多改變，且採用多樣化的科技工具解決教學問題。而網路應用、影片、教學簡報和教學平台為創意教學歷程中最重要的科技工具。同時，教師在影片教學上也會主動選擇更適合教學目標的影片，進行教學問答討論之設計，重視學生學習效果。
三、發展時所遭遇的困境與限制
教師在發展TPACK時所遭遇的主要困境為教學資訊環境較為不足與教師應用科技的能力；而教師信念、學校本位課程與協同教學形式則成為其限制因素。
對未來TPACK相關的研究建議有：針對不同領域、不同年級或不同資訊教學環境的創意教師進行相關研究。此外，不同協同教學類型對教師TPACK的影響也值得探討和關注。

關鍵詞：科技學科教學知識(TPACK)、創意教學、生活課程

關鍵字

生活課程 ； 創意教學 ； 科技學科教學知識

並列摘要

Abstract
The primary purpose of this study was to investigate how the 2nd grade teachers in a primary school practiced the Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge（TPACK）in Life Curriculum . This case study also probed into the key factors of developing TPACK, and the difficulties as to utilizing TPACK in the real teaching environment.
Through the case study, the researcher played the role of participant and observed other 4 elementary teachers on the process of the creative teaching in Life Curriculum. The teaching theme of the creative teaching was about animals and the derived data was gathered from August, 2011 to May, 2012. In order to gain more insights from different stakeholders, the qualitative data was mainly collected from in-depth interviews, the teaching videotapes, the media records of teacher’s meeting, the classroom teaching observations, teaching documents and researcher’s reflective journals. Through categorization and scenario analysis, several research findings were summarized as below:
1.With respect to the practice of the teachers’ TPACK
The teachers’ content knowledge is mainly from fragments of personal life experience, and the teaching methods are inclined to simpler, one-way, teacher-oriented aspect. The teaching method is mainly based on textbook discussion and the teachers uses teaching aids provided by textbooksellers to represent concepts, Due to the short of the resources of computer information technological tools in the classroom, the teachers usually teach by film watching in about animal-related subjects in Life Curriculum.
2.With respect to the key factors influencing the development of TPACK
In creative teaching process, the teachers’ content knowledge play the leading role. The understanding of animal-related field influences the teachers how to represent the concepts on teaching strategy and representational repertoire, even the application of technology tools. The creative teaching helps the teachers promoting themselves in the content knowledge of animal-related field and they present a great variety of instructional representations through times of teaching conferences. Also, the teachers may adopt multi-technology tools to solve the problems in the process of teaching. Network application, films, briefing ppt, and the platform in teaching are mostly used technology tools in the process of creative teaching.
3. With respect to the difficulties and limitations of TPACK development
The major difficulties in TPACK development encountered by these teachers are short of computer information technological tools and the technology application abilities. As to the teachers’ beliefs, the whole school curriculum and collaborative teaching become their limitation factors.
To the future TPACK researchers, the below subjects are worthy to follow: Doing related studies on those creative teaching teachers in various fields, various grades or various environment conditions of computer information resources. In addition, different types of team teaching also deserve more discussions and better concerns.

並列關鍵字

TPACK ； Creative Teaching

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