- 學位論文
水庫優養化之整治方向研究-以寶山水庫為例
Study on the remediation direction of reservoir eutrophication-taking Baoshan Reservoir as an example
摘要
水庫之入庫溪流及庫區大多位於環境敏感區，意即位於水質水源保護區，因此大都禁止開發，盡可能維持其原始地形地貌，但因地窄人稠，為了促進觀光及休閒等經濟開發因素，使得水庫之入庫溪流及庫區面臨問題眾多，尤以水體優養化甚是困擾。 本研究遴選寶山水庫，進行污染源調查，是因為寶山水庫供水對象為新竹科學園區，其產值貢獻相當高，因此需確保其水質之穩定性，以免因不當開發引起優養化等污染。本研究採用移動式GPS定位即時監測，並配合採樣送至環檢所認定之檢測機構分析。 本研究利用河川污染指數（River Pollution Index，RPI）、溫氏WQI水質指標（Water Quality Index 8，WQI8）、歐陽氏WQI水質指標（Water Quality Index 5，WQI5）、溫氏修正WQI水質指標（Water Quality Index 7，WQI7）及卡爾森指數（Carlson trophic state index，CTSI）來分析庫區及庫區上游水源，發現上述5種指標中，多數呈現水質良好至優良，惟卡爾森指數呈現普養至優養狀態，表示卡爾森指數中總磷、透明度及葉綠素a三個參數應分析其相關性以及各別參數的分級指標或權重計算或更改計算式，而非將三個參數計算後取平均值。 而入庫溪流受養鱒場以及雨天時泥土受沖刷之影響較大，應著重水土保持工作，庫區的部分，其污染源多位於住宅區、觀光區、農地區及營區，因此受人為影響之因子較大。針對人為之影響，除加強宣導外，應先行設置污染防治設備為宜。於人口及廢污水集中處，如住宅區及觀光區，可設置FRP預鑄式建築物污水處理套裝設施，於農業、果園區，由於為減少開發衝擊，因此建議採取污水自然淨化設施（生態工法、礫間曝氣處理設施），進而再執行中長期之目標（如污水處理廠建設以及推動下水道建設）。
並列摘要
The reservoir stream and reservoir area of the reservoir are mostly located in environmentally sensitive areas, which means that they are located in the water quality protection area. Therefore, most of them are prohibited from development, and their original topography is maintained as much as possible. However, due to the narrowness of the land, in order to promote economic development factors such as sightseeing and leisure. The reservoir stream and the reservoir area are facing many problems, especially the water body is very troubled. This study selected Baoshan Reservoir for pollution source investigation because the water supply object of Baoshan Reservoir is Hsinchu Science Park, and its output value contribution is quite high. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure the stability of its water quality so as to avoid pollution caused by improper development. This study uses mobile GPS positioning for immediate monitoring, and samples are sent to the testing organization identified by the Environmental Inspection Institute for analysis. This study used River Pollution Index (RPI), Wen's WQI Water Quality Index (WQI8), Ouyang's WQI Water Quality Index (WQI5), and Wen's Modified WQI Water Quality Index (Water). Quality Index 7, WQI7) and Carlson trophic state index (CTSI) were used to analyze the water source in the reservoir area and the upper reaches of the reservoir area. Most of the above five indicators showed good water quality, but the Carlson index showed normal nutrition. The eutrophic state indicates that the three parameters of total phosphorus, transparency and chlorophyll a in the Carlson index should be analyzed for correlation and the grading index or weight calculation or change calculation formula of each parameter, instead of averaging the three parameters. However, the entrance to the reservoir stream and the erosion of the soil during the rainy days are more important. The water and soil conservation work should be emphasized. The pollution area is mostly located in residential areas, sightseeing areas, agricultural areas and camps. Therefore, factors affected by human influence. Larger. In view of the human influence, in addition to strengthening the propaganda, it is advisable to set up pollution prevention equipment first. In the population and waste water concentration areas, such as residential areas and sightseeing areas, FRP type building sewage treatment facilities can be installed. In agriculture and fruit parks, it is recommended to adopt natural sewage purification facilities (ecology method) in order to reduce development impact. , inter-gravel aeration treatment facilities), and then carry out the medium and long-term goals (such as the construction of sewage treatment plants and the promotion of sewer construction).