- 學位論文
應用微波電漿系統處理吸附重金屬的布袋蓮和水芙蓉
The Application of Microwave Plasma on Treatment of Water Hyacinth and Water Lettuce as Phytoremediation
摘要
近年來，不僅是廢棄土壤中的重金屬汙染增加，就連廢水以及排放廢氣中的重 金屬含量均有增加的趨勢，人們開始擔憂這些重金屬污染物質的增長所帶來的 潛在危害。而「植物污染整治法」是一個極具有潛力的自然降解方式，在沒有添加任何化學物質的狀況下即可去除這些重金屬污染。此外，作為植物污染整治的生物質亦有可再利用之潛能，利用適當的處理技術，不但可降解其吸附的重金屬，並可使處理後的殘餘物成為可再利用的材料。大氣微波電漿對這些吸附重金屬的生物質提供高能量熱解反應，並產生可再利用的氣體以及產生以生物質為基底的生物碳，因此，利用植物污染整治後生物質的熱解，具有產生可再生能源的潛力。本研究是以布袋蓮以及水芙蓉等水生植物作為去除重金屬的生物質以及植物污染整治的材料。實驗以新鮮及乾燥後的水生植物作為實驗對象來進行實驗，大氣微波電漿的實驗參數分別以氣體流速 6、9 以及 12 L/min，電功率 800、1000 和 1200W 等各別進行 5 分鐘的反應。 實驗結果顯示，吸附於水生植物的重金屬可達一定程度的去除效率，布袋蓮混合物中Cd的去除率96.7%，布袋蓮和葉柄中的Cd和Zn的去除率分別為 96.1% 和 99.4% ，以及水芙蓉中的Pb達88.1%。而熱解布袋蓮產生的合成氣中，氫氣可達到總體積的 56.3%，熱解水芙蓉則可產生 57.3%的氫氣。經過大氣微波電漿處理後的殘餘物可轉換成吸附劑，經實驗驗證其具有吸附效果，Acid blue吸附率達 90%。因此，大氣微波電漿處理植物污染整治後的水生植物，不但可產生可再利用的生物碳，且熱解後的氣體主要以氫氣為主，可進一步純化作為氣態燃料使用。
並列摘要
In recent years, metal pollution continues to increase in both wastewater, soil waste, and air waste. This continuous increase raises concerns about tackling pollutions. Phytoremediation is a method with great potential without the influence of chemical additives to remove this metal pollution. Furthermore, biomass from phytoremediation has the potential as a plasma pyrolysis feedstock. The microwave plasma pyrolysis produced syngas and biochar as biomass after pyrolyzed. The biochar could be used as an adsorbent material and the syngas mainly Hydrogen has the potential to become gas fuel. Thus, biomass pyrolysis and phytoremediation are potential of renewable fuel, safe and clean method. This study was focused on using Water Hyacinth and Water Lettuce as the biomass from removal of metals as phytoremediation. The experiment was carried out by dividing the portion of each biomass, namely Water Hyacinth and Water Lettuce into fresh and dried conditions. In microwave plasma, several parameters such as gas flow rate 6, 9, and 12 L.min-1 and power 800,1000, and 1200W have been carried out for 5 minutes. Metal removal was achieved from water hyacinth mix (96.7% of Cd), water hyacinth leaves and petioles (96.1% of Cd and 99.4% Zn, respectively), and water lettuce (88.1% of Pb). Syngas produced using water hyacinth reached 56.3% of hydrogen and water lettuce reached 57.3% of hydrogen of total volume (%). Adsorption using adsorbent from post-treatment plasma has been successfully carried out with the adsorption percentage reached up to 90%.