積體電路(IC)設計公司人員之資訊行為研究

The study of information behavior of IC design house people

徐莉芬(Li-Fen Hsu)

指導教授 ： 卜小蝶博士

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/教育學系在職進修碩士班/碩士(2007年)

摘要

摘 要

高科技產業已取代傳統產業，成為台灣經濟的主流，而人才與技術導向的IC設計業對國內產業升級有重大影響。IC設計為知識高度密集的產業，人才是公司最大的資產。本研究主要目的即在瞭解國內IC設計公司人員在從事職務相關活動時，其資訊需求、尋求、及使用特性。本論文採個案研究，並以問卷調查法及內部文件使用記錄分析法，蒐集相關資料加以分析。本研究除關心IC設計公司人員的一般資訊行為特性外，也進一步探討不同人口特質之資訊行為表現異同，並嘗試歸納IC設計產業的關鍵資訊，及這些關鍵資訊對IC設計各階段知識產出的影響。

研究結果分四方面簡述。一、IC設計公司人員之資訊需求特性：(一)IC設計公司人員最重視技術類及內部資訊；(二)產業新聞為IC設計公司人員認為非常需要、且使用頻率最高的資訊；(三)內部資訊是資訊構面中使用頻率最高的資訊。二、IC設計公司人員之資訊尋求行為特性：(一) IC設計公司人員資訊尋求依循「省力原則」；(二) 時間因素為IC設計公司人員尋求資訊時的最大阻礙；（三）IEEE網站為IC設計人員搜尋網路資源時，最常使用之專業學會網站，而Computex則為IC設計人員最常參觀之商業展覽；（四）IC設計人員所參加的專業社群/論壇，以技術性討論的社群為主。三、IC設計公司人員之資訊使用行為特性：(一) 競爭者資訊及技術標準規格為IC設計產業之關鍵資訊，IC設計前半階段以技術性資訊對工作產出的影響最深，後半階段則以上、下游產業類資訊影響最大；(二)IC設計流程中，影響知識產出最大者為設計階段；(三)IC設計公司人員特別重視資料是否與工作需求相關，及所取得的資料是否精確；(四)IC設計公司人員閱讀資訊時，相當重視即時性及相關性。四、人口特質對IC設計公司人員資訊行為的影響：(一)人口特性不同，對各類資訊的需求以及尋求方式也有所不同，包括如年資較淺的非主管職員對於不斷發表新技術的碩博士文需求程度較高，而年資較深的主管職者需要不同構面的資訊來支援其決策；（二）不同人口特性使用各類資訊對於各階段產出均有顯著性的差異，包括如評估階段業務/行銷人員認為零組件、產品的價格趨勢影響程度最高。IC設計階段研發/工程人員認為內部訓練資料的影響程度最高。生產測試階段主管職人員認為內部產品庫存與銷售資料、競爭者資訊、專利資訊的影響最高，非主管人員則認為公司/產品資料庫的影響最高。行銷階段業務/行銷人員以及主管職人員認為內部產品開發工具/Database影響程度最大。在銷售客服階段業務/行銷人員認為零組件、產品的價格趨勢的影響程度最高。
本研究最後歸納出IC設計公司人員資訊行為模式，並針對企業圖書館提出相關建議，以作為其規劃資訊服務實務之參考。

關鍵字

資訊行為 ； 資訊需求 ； 使用者研究 ； 公司圖書館 ； 資訊服務 ； 積體電路

並列摘要

Abstract

High-tech industry has long overtaken other traditional industries in Taiwan to become the main economic output of the nation. Within the high-tech industry, IC design houses play an important role in continuously pushing the whole industry into a new frontier. IC design is a highly knowledge centric field in which people is the main asset of the company. The purpose of this article is to study the data collecting behaviors of people in the IC design houses including data requesting, data searching and data usage. This article is based on case study. The methods used in this case study include questionnaire survey and documentary analysis. In an effort of trying to generalize key information and the impact of such key information to knowledge output during each stages of IC design flow, this article not only study the information collecting behaviors of IC design personnel, but also explores the phenomenon of different behaviors among different population characteristics.
The research analysis result can be summarized as following: 1. Regarding to Information Needs: i. mostly care about technical and internal information; ii. Industry news is highly demanded and frequently used as reference; iii. Internal information is highly requested category. 2. Regarding to Information seeking: i. Least Effort Principle – the easiest to access; ii. Timing concern – for efficiency purpose; iii. IEEE is the most visit academic website, while Coputex is the most visit exhibition; iv. IC designers tend to participate technical discussion community or technical forum. 3. Regarding to information utilization: i. Competitor’s information and technical standard specification are key information; ii. Design phase is normally the stage with the most critical knowledge output during IC design flow; iii. Information is relevant to the requirement of job and the reliability of its source is equally important; iv. Up to date information and project related information are critical. 4. Regarding to population characteristic influences: i. People with different job characteristics often lead to different information need and different information seeking. This can often be reflected by the phenomenon that an inexperienced non-managerial staff often searching for new technical thesis while an experience manager may need other additional data to support his decision making. ii. This difference of population characteristic often lead to different information output at various stages. For instance, marketing and sales people would think price trend of the component or product has an important impact during the assessment stage; Engineers would think the internal training material would have an important impact during the design phase; Production managers would think inventory, sales data, competitors’ information and patents information would impact most while production engineer may only feel product database is important during the production and testing phase; Marketing staff and managers may think development tool and database have crucial impact during the promotion stage; marketing people may feel the price trend of the components and product plays an important role during customer support stage.
Finally, the information behavior model of IC design house staff will be generalized in this article. In addition, recommendations will be provided to corporate libraries as a reference for their planning on creating informational service.

並列關鍵字

Information Behavior ； Information Needs ； User Studies ； Corporate Library ； Information Service ； IC Design House

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