從突現過程本體面向探討生物恆定性概念改變－以七年級學生為例

An exploration of the 7th grade students' conceptual change of homeostasis from ontological emergent perspective

黃佳杏(Jia-Hsing Huang)

指導教授 ： 邱美虹教授

國立臺灣師範大學/理學院/科學教育研究所在職進修碩士班/碩士(2006年)

摘要

摘要

生物恆定性的概念，在生物學當中是屬於重要且不容易學習的單元，學生必須要統合許多生理知識，並且要能掌握其抽象及複雜的動態整體觀，才得以架構出完整的恆定性概念。關於概念學習，Slotta 和Chi（2006）以本體論的觀點分析認為，若是先接受本體分類屬性的訓練，將有助於接下來學習具有此類本體屬性的概念。目前尚未有從概念本體面向來探討生物恆定性的概念改變，因此本研究設計含有突現本體屬性的多媒體教材，希望藉此提升學生學習恆定性概念的整體成效。

本研究欲探討的研究問題為：一、運用含有突現本體屬性的教學媒體對於生物恆定性概念的學習是否有幫助？ 二、經過教學後，是否有助於學生概念本體的跨越？ 三、成就測驗與概念本體得分是否有關？本研究選擇人體體溫恆定、水分恆定以及血糖恆定三個教學單元，以五班七年級學生共172人為研究參與對象，隨機分派為實驗A組、實驗B組以及對照組（C組）。這三組的學生將依不同的恆定單元採用不同的多媒體教學：
1.實驗A組的學生依次實施的是強調突現的體溫恆定教學、強調突現的水分恆定教學，最後則是未強調突現的血糖恆定教學。
2.實驗B組的學生依次實施的是強調突現的體溫恆定教學、未強調突現的水分恆定教學，最後則是未強調突現的血糖恆定教學。
3.對照組的學生依次實施的是未強調突現的體溫恆定教學、未強調突現的水分恆定教學，最後也是未強調突現的血糖恆定教學。

本研究的結果發現：一、就概念整體表現而言，利用含有突現本體屬性的多媒體教材的實驗組，學習成就表現顯著優於對照組。二、就概念本體得分而言，兩組實驗組優於對照組，而在本體跨越的維持情形也較佳。三、成就測驗與本體屬性得分之間呈顯著正相關。
綜上所述，使用含有突現本體屬性的多媒體教學策略，有助於生物恆定性概念的學習以及突現概念本體屬性的建立，而且在本體屬性跨越的維持情形也較佳。

關鍵字

生物恆定性 ； 概念改變 ； 本體論

並列摘要

Abstract

The concept of homeostasis is important and yet difficult to learn. Students have to interrelate various physiological knowledge, catching the abstract and dynamic whole view, so that they may construct a complex framework of the concept of homeostasis. As for concept learning, Slotta & Chi（2006）proposed that it could be facilitated by providing ontological training prior to instruction. While there is not any study on the conceptual change of homeostasis from an ontological perspective, so this study is trying to develop a multiple media instruction material including attributes of emergent casual process and examine how students could benefit from it.

The main research questions were as follows. First, could the multiple media instruction material including attributes of emergent casual process help students learn the concept of homeostasis? Second, as for conceptual ontology, could this instruction help students change from direct casual process to emergent casual process? Third, was there correlation between the achievements of concept learning and conceptual ontology? This research chose three sub-topics among the concept of homeostasis: homeostasis of human temperature, water and blood sugar. Five 7th-grade classes were assigned randomly to three groups: experiment group A (emergent instruction material of two sub-topics), experiment group B (emergent instruction material of one sub-topic), group C (comparison group).

The results were as follows. First, as for concept learning, the experiment groups performed better than the comparison group. Second, as for the conceptual ontology, the experiment groups also gained higher scores than the comparison group, and had greater effects than the comparison group. Third, the achievement of concept learning and the conceptual ontology are significantly related.

並列關鍵字

conceptual change ； ontology ； homeostasis

參考文獻

鄭昭明（2004）。認知心理學理論與實踐，台北：桂冠出版社。

邱美虹和林靜雯（2006）。以述詞分析法探究多重類比對兒童電學概念改變之影響。科學教育學刊，第十四卷第一期，55-81。

林陳涌和徐毓慧（2002）。國一學生對血糖恆定性的先前概念。科學教育學刊，10（4）， 378-387

邱美虹（2000）。概念改變研究的省思與啟示。科學教育學刊，第八卷第一期，1-34。

陳盈吉（2003）。探就動態類比對於科學概念學習與概念改變歷程之研究─以國二學生學習氣體粒子概念為例。國立台灣師大科學教育研究所碩士論文（未出版）。