國小學童對氣喘同儕之關懷態度與效能研究

張美智(Mei-Zhi Zhang)

指導教授 ： 賴香如

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/衛生教育學系在職進修碩士班/碩士(2006年)

摘要

本研究的主要目的在了解國小學童對氣喘同儕之關懷態度及效能現況，並探討其相關因素。以九十五學年度就讀台北市某國小四、五、六年級學生為母群體，依年級分層，採隨機集束抽取11班285名學生為樣本。以自編結構式問卷為工具進行資料收集，共得有效樣本284人，有效回收率99%。所得資料以單因子變異分析、皮爾森積差相關和逐步迴歸分析等方法進行分析，主要結果如下：
一、約七分之一的研究對象有氣喘史；氣喘相關知識答對率為59.03%，但對氣喘誘發成因、運動與氣喘關係的認識不足，亟待加強。在氣喘相關經驗上，約四分之一曾親自幫助過氣喘的朋友或同學。研究對象同儕關係良好。
二、研究對象對氣喘同儕之關懷態度為正向，且效能佳。同儕關係、氣喘相關經驗、氣喘知識與對氣喘同儕關懷態度、效能均為正相關。
三、同儕關係和氣喘相關知識可解釋對氣喘同儕關懷態度23.8%的變異量；同儕關係、氣喘相關知識、氣喘相關經驗及個人氣喘史可解釋對氣喘同儕關懷效能36.3%的的變異量。
最後，提供學校有關學童對氣喘同儕關懷情意介入實務和研究之建議。

關鍵字

國小學童 ； 同儕關係 ； 關懷態度 ； 關懷效能

並列摘要

The purposes of this study were to explore the status of elementary students’ caring attitude and efficacy for peers with asthma, and related factors. Stratified random cluster sampling was used and 285 fourth, fifth and sixth grade students in one Taipei elementary school were selected. During the school year 2006, 284 valid samples provided data with a self-administered questionnaire. One-way ANOVA, Pearson product moment correlation, and stepwise Regression were used to analyze the data.
The major results of the study were as fallows:
1. The prevalence rate of asthma among subjects was 13.4%. The subjects’ asthma knowledge was 59.3%. The correct rate of knowledge of asthma is the highest, but knowledge of asthma etiology and the relationships between exercise and asthma was the lowest. About one fourth had experience in caring classmates with asthma. The subjects had good peer relationship.
2. Students’ caring attitude toward peers of asthma was positive, and their caring efficacy was high. There were positive correlations among peer relationship, relating experience and knowledge of asthma, caring attitude and efficacy for peers with asthma.
3. Peer relationship and knowledge relating to asthma could explain 23.8% of variance in caring attitude toward asthmatic peers. Peer relationship, knowledge and experience relating to asthma, and asthma history could explain 36.3% variance in efficacy for caring asthmatic peers.
Finally, suggestions of educational interventions and further researches in the future for elementary students are brought up at the end of this thesis.

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