國小高年級綜合活動「保護自我與環境」創新課程設計與實施~以水資源為例

Innovated Curricular Design and Implementation About “Protecting Myself and The Environment” in Integrative Activities for 5th Graders - Water Resources

范郁敏(Yu-Min Fan)

指導教授 ： 何榮桂 ； 張景媛

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/創造力發展碩士在職專班/碩士(2011年)

摘要

本研究目的在於將環境教育水資源的議題，融入綜合活動學習領域。採以行動研究的方法，透過「一體兩面的水」主題創新課程，來探討此創新課程對國小高年級學童水資源情意態度改變及創造力之影響。研究對象為桃園市同德國小五年級34位學生(男17人，女17人)。藉由文件分析、觀察、學生作品、訪談等方式，收集學生課堂相關資料，進行資料分析、描述，針對研究現場進行資料的詮釋。並輔以「水資源態度量表」、「創造力傾向量表」、「課程滿意度」等作為量化評量工具。於課程結束後，進行後測，所得資料以單因子共變數分析進行統計處理。
研究結論如下：
一、教科書的缺點
教師分析○○版綜合活動教科書，發現缺少第四主題軸、課程安排欠周延、課程題材欠缺公共議題，以及內容缺少創意策略，為此設計創新課程。

二、「一體兩面的水」創新課程教材
本研究主題課程特色以情意層面為主，將綜合活動精神「體驗、省思、實踐」作為課程軸心。內容以體驗活動、認知學習、媒體試讀、思辨分析，以及進行創意設計，使學生在愛惜水資源的態度上，因為了解而改變，落實省水行動。

三、「一體兩面的水」創新課程學生學習成效
（一）學習成效分析:在「水資源態度量表」的表現上，經過實驗教學後，實驗 組與對照組存在著顯著差異。「一體兩面的水」創新課程實施，對於學童在水資源的態度上，有所幫助。
（二）學生創造力表現：學生經過「一體兩面的水」創新課程實施後，在「好奇心」及整體創造力傾向的表現上達顯著差異。
（三）課程滿意度：在「課程規劃」、「活動設計」、「評量方法」、「師生互動及同儕關係」四個項度平均數有4.16以上，可見創新課程對學生的學習是有正面影響的。

四、研究者的省思與成長
本研究使得學生樂於學習，勇於解決課堂問題，並實踐在家庭及校園中。

　　水資源創新課程，不同於傳統環境教育課程，將情意課程作為課程核心。建議未來研究者可朝環境教育相關議題發展課程，影響學生態度及改變學生行為。

關鍵字

水資源 ； 創新課程 ； 保護自我與環境

並列摘要

The goal of this research was to discuss the influences on the 5th graders within the domains of affection and creativity. An innovated curriculum about two sides of the water incorporated the environmental issue of water resources into the integrative activities. The subjects were 34 fifth graders including 17 boys and 17 girls in Tong De Elementary School in Taoyuan County. An action research and a qualitative research were done in the study. The researcher collected related data from document analysis, students’ work, classroom observation and interviews in class and did the analysis, description and interpretation. “ The Attitude to Water Resources Scale”, “The Creativity Aptitude Scale”, and “The Curriculum Satisfaction Scale” are applied for quantitative assessments after class. All the data were processed in one way ANCOVA.
The findings were listed as follows:
1.The disadvantage of textbooks were found by researcher.
After checking the current ○○ Edition textbooks of the Integrated Activities, the researcher found that the textbooks were lack of the fourth theme, distributive curricular arrangement, public issues and innovation strategies in the books, so the researcher designed this innovated curriculum.

2.The curriculum, Two Sides of The Water, is an innovation.
The feature of this innovated curriculum was to focus on the affective domain. The spirit of Integrated Activities Curriculum-- experience, reflection and implementation, was incorporated into the activities. The experience of life, the cognition learning, media reading, analysis of learning discrimination and progressing creativity design were included in the content of the curriculum. Students understood more about protecting water resources, so they changed their attitudes and went to save water.

3.The learning efficiencies of the innovation curriculum-- Two Sides Of The Water, are listed as below:
(1)Analysis of learning efficiency: After teaching experiment, there was significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in “The attitude to water resources Scale.” It meant that the implementation of the innovated curriculum was meaningful to elementary school students.
(2)The performance of students’ creativity: After learning, students significantly turned to be more curios and creative according to the statistics on “The Creativity Aptitude Scale” .
(3)Satisfaction of the curriculum: The average scores in the sections of curriculum planning, activity designing, assessment methods as well as interactions between the teacher/students and among students were all above 4.16, which meant the innovated curriculum was positive to students’ leaning.
4.Reflection and growth of the researcher: Through the curriculum plans enabled students to enjoy learning, students have better ability to solve problems in the real world.

The innovated curriculum about water resources is quite different from the traditional one because the affective domain is the core center of the curriculum. According to the above findings, it is suggested that more innovated curricula on environmental protection can be developed in the future, so that the students can be influenced and change their attitudes and behaviors .

並列關鍵字

Water Resources ； innovated curriculum ； Protecting Myself and The Environment

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