阿達瑪轉換/氣相層析質譜術對揮發性氣體偵測法的開發與研究

Applications of Hadamard transform-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (HT-GC/MS) to volatile organic compounds (VOCs)

鄭元凱(Yuan-Kai Cheng)

指導教授 ： 林震煌

國立臺灣師範大學/理學院/化學系/碩士(2011年)

摘要

本研究利用阿達瑪轉換/氣相層析質譜術 (HT-GC/MS) 成功偵測到人體呼出氣體內及晶圓廠中無塵室內的揮發性有機氣體。將編碼的層析圖譜阿達瑪轉換後與大多數 GC/MS 系統單次進樣比較，可使得訊號與雜訊比值 (signal-to-noise ratio) 大幅提升。在第一個飲酒者的呼出氣體情況下，使用傳統單次進樣得到的小離子強度 (相當於 ~0.1 ng 乙醇)約等於或低於偵測極限。在第二個吸菸者的呼出氣體情況下，使用傳統單次進樣只得到微弱離子訊號 (相當於 ~0.7 pg 甲苯) 的偵測邊緣。在這兩個實驗中，當加入阿達瑪轉換技術時，便能讓 S/N 比分別得到 8.0 及 7.9 倍的提升，雖然利用此技術偵測出的呼出氣體成分有待確認，但卻不需要任何前處理的步驟。另外在無塵室內環境空氣情況下，利用更高進樣次數的阿達瑪矩陣 255、1023、2047 分析 HMDSO，其提升的 S/N 比分別得到 7.4、15.1、20.1 倍，與理論值(8.0、16.0、22.6 倍) 皆相當地接近。在未經過前處理的 HMDSO 樣品，其單次進樣 (4 uL) 的濃度偵測極限在 20 ppbv。然而在使用了阿達瑪 2047 次的轉換後，其偵測濃度可達 1 ppbv (S/N = 3)。與此相比，當加入吸附/脫附系統時，其 HMDSO 濃度偵測極限可改善至 0.03 ppbv。實驗結果發現，此技術大幅改善了 S/N 比，並也提高了偵測靈敏度。

關鍵字

阿達瑪轉換 ； 呼出氣體 ； 六甲基二矽氧烷 ； 氣相層析質譜術

並列摘要

The Hadamard transform-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (HT-GC/MS) technique was successfully employed for detecting of volatile organic compounds from the exhaled breath of humans and a clean room of a wafer factory. Compared to the single injection used in most GC/MS systems, the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratios were substantially improved after inverse Hadamard transformation of the encoded chromatogram. In the first case of breath from a drinker, using a conventional single injection, a small ion peak (corresponding to ~ 0.1 ng of ethanol), the intensity of which was approximately equal to or less than the limit of detection. Furthermore, in the second case of breath from a smoker, using conventional injection, a weak ion peak (corresponding to ~0.7 pg of toluene) was marginally detected. When the HT technique was applied, the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio were improved to 8.0- and 7.9-fold, respectively. In both cases, the HT technique permitted specific components in exhaled breath to be determined, without the need for any extraction procedures. In the other case of airborne air from a clean room, when Hadamard matrices of 255, 1023 and 2047 were used, the S/N ratios of the signals for HMDSO were substantially improved to 7.4-, 15.1- and 20.1-fold, respectively. Those improvements are in good agreement with those obtained by theory (8.0-, 16.0- and 22.6-fold, respectively). Without any pretreatment, the limit of detection of HMDSO was 20 ppbv by means of a single injection (injection volume, 4 µL). However, this can be improved to 1 ppbv (S/N = 3) when a 2047 order of Hadamard matrix was applied. In contrast to this, when an absorption/desorption system was used, the limit of detection of HMDSO can be further improved to 0.03 ppbv. However, the HT technique led to an improvement in the S/N ratio, with the peak corresponding to the limit of detection.

並列關鍵字

Hadamard Transfer ； Exhaled breath ； HMDSO ； GC/MS

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