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  • 學位論文

傑出科技創作學童創新歷程之研究

A STUDY OF INNOVATION PROCESSES OF OUTSTANDING PUPILS IN POWER TECH CONTEST

指導教授 : 洪榮昭 許良明
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摘要


本研究主要在探討傑出科技創作學童在參與「Power Tech:2001全國少年科技創作競賽」的創新歷程,針對學童的創造性工作特質、父母對其教養方式、及以創新的困境與突破的方式進行探討。為達此目的,本研究蒐集作品創新歷程記錄進行文件分析,並採用半結構式訪談大綱進行訪談。 為達研究目的,立意選取競賽總績分前三名(隊)作為研究對象,每隊包含學童四名,為增進資料的正確性,也與該隊指導老師及學童的家長進行資料的驗證,以達三角校正之效。根據本研究發現所得到的結論如下: 1.傑出科技創作學童的情意包含發問力、自信力、貫徹力、合作力、挑戰性、精進力、尊重心及開放性等八項有顯著的成長。 2.科技創作的製作要點方面,(A)在機構組裝與設計愈能掌握以下之要點,愈有得勝機會,包含(1)構造組裝:組裝步驟的效率化、創作品的運動流暢及平穩性,(2)機能設計:機能運動流暢、扭力/速度的搭配恰當、摩擦力的強化、重心之平穩性、攻防性之操作方便;(B)在材料加工與應用方面包含(1)選擇材料的適當性:墊片或固定物、曲柄、斜板、摩擦力及冰棒棍等,(2)選擇運用工具的純熟性:現成基本工具及自製輔助工具之選擇與應用,(3)工法的熟練:鋸切、砂磨、鑽孔、粘接及潤滑等。 3.問題解決的思考模式會形成不同的科技創作螺旋,亂猜亂試型的思考模式其科技創作螺旋圈數較多且不易達理想化,演繹歸納型的思考模式其科技創作螺旋圈數較少且較易達到理想化,而嘗試錯誤型思考模式的科技創作螺旋則介於中間。

並列摘要


This study aims to investigate the innovation process of outstanding pupils in “Power Tech: The 2001 National Youth Technological Innovation Contest”, particularly in areas such as the creative propensity of these children, the parenting styles of their parents, the difficulties they usually encounter during the process of innovation and their ways of handling problems. To achieve this, the innovation processes of successful projects were recorded and analyzed, and semi-structured interviews were conducted with outstanding pupil inventors. For the purpose of this study, the three top scoring teams were selected purposively for data collection, with each team consisting of four pupils. Furthermore, to improve correctness, data from the teacher advisor and the parents of these children were also collected for triangulation verification. The findings of this study include: 1. The outstanding pupils in the technological innovation contest show significant growth in eight categories of emotional development, including the ability to pose questions, self-confidence, ability to implement and complete a project, ability to cooperate with team members, willingness to accept challenges, ability to improve themselves, respect and open to others. 2. The two key points to a successful technological invention are: (A) The better the contesters are able to grasp the following aspects of structural assembly and design, the greater their chances of winning: (1) Structural assembly, including the effective assembling steps, and smooth and stable movement of the final product; (2) Mechanical and functional design, including smooth functional/mechanical movements, adequate match between the twisting force and speed, strong friction, steady gravity, easy operation for offensive and defensive moves; (B) With respect to material processing and application: (1) Selecting the right material such as packing piece, fixing object, crank, oblique plank, friction, and popsicle stick, etc.; (2) selection of tools and mastery of tool use, such as the selection and application of existing basic tools and of self-made auxiliary tools; (3) mastery of processing methods such as sawing, cutting, grounding, drilling, pasting, and lubricating. 3. Different problem-solving modes generate different spirals of technological innovation. Wide guessing produces more technological innovation spirals but the spirals are not easily perfected, deduction and induction mode of thinking generates fewer spirals but are more easily perfected, and the spirals with trial-and-error mode of thinking are in between both in term of the number produced and the easiness of perfection.

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詹秀玉(2004)。科展表現優良師生之互動歷程分析〔碩士論文,國立臺灣師範大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0021-2004200713205713
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陳姿吟(2006)。科技創作學童自我效能與主動學習關係之研究〔碩士論文,國立臺灣師範大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0021-0712200716112276

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