碩士層級諮商新手於全職實習的諮商困境與因應

The Predicament and Coping of Master's Level Internship for Novice Counseling Psychologist

吳雅慧

指導教授 ： 陳秉華博士

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/教育心理與輔導學系/碩士(2005年)

摘要

本研究目的在瞭解碩士層級諮商新手於全職實習期間的接案過程中，知覺到的諮商困境、面對諮商困境的因應歷程，以及因應諮商困境的結果。受訪者為十位年齡界於27到31歲，就讀北中南地區諮商輔導相關研究所的女性實習學生，在碩三諮商全職實習後期，回顧實習過程所知覺的諮商困境與因應歷程。運用半結構式的深度個人訪談進行資料蒐集，以紮根理論質性研究法進行資料分析，研究發現：一、諮商新手知覺的諮商困境，包含諮商介入成效不彰、工作同盟不易建立、督導關係不良、諮商自我效能感低；二、諮商新手對諮商困境的情緒與認知反應，包含出現負面情緒、自我評價降低、失去面對困境的動力；三、諮商新手對諮商困境的因應行為，可分為困境的立即因應行為及困境因應歷程中形成新的因應方式，前者包括隱藏真實自我、增強專業能力、面對與紓解負面情緒；後者包括增強對專業與自我的覺察、轉化負向認知為正面認知、調整困境因應的作法、提升個人自我成長；四、督導在諮商新手困境因應歷程中佔有重要角色；五、諮商新手因應諮商困境的結果，可分為因應的立即性結果及困境突破的結果，前者包括諮商困境仍然沒有突破、加重生活壓力、心理的滋養、增加諮商困境理解的視框、獲得個案正面回應；後者包括專業工作的學習與成長及個人的學習與成長。最後研究者討論本研究發現與限制，並且依據研究發現，從諮商研究、諮商實務、及諮商訓練的角度提出建議。

關鍵字

諮商新手 ； 諮商全職實習 ； 諮商困境 ； 因應歷程 ； 紮根理論

並列摘要

The objective of this research is to understand the counseling predicament of novice counseling psychologist, their coping process of the predicament, and the result of the coping during their internship. The subjects are ten female graduate student interns from the department of guidance and counseling psychology in different universities spreading from the northern to the southern part of Taiwan. The age range of these subjects is from 27 to 31. They are asked to give retrospect on their counseling predicament and coping process which happened during their internship. The data was collected through semi-structural in-depth interviews and analyzed with grounded theory, the qualitative method. The five findings of this study are as followed. First, the predicaments perceived by novice counseling psychologists included ineffective counseling intervention, not well established working alliance, troubled supervision relationship, and low counseling self-efficacy. Second, the emotional and cognitive responses of novice counseling psychologists are negative emotions, reduced self value, and motive loss in facing predicaments. Third, the coping behavior of novice counseling psychologists to predicament can be divided into the immediate coping behavior and the shaping of new coping behavior in the coping process. The former are to conceal the real self, to strengthen professional ability, and to face and put aside the negative emotion. The latter are to strengthen profession and self awareness, to convert the negative cognition to positive cognition, to revise counseling intervention, and to enhance personal growth. Fourth, the role of supervisor during the coping process of novice counseling psychologists to predicament is important. Fifth, the result of novice counseling psychologists coping with predicaments can be divided into the immediate result and predicament breakthrough. The former included the stagnation of predicaments, the aggravation of living stress, the nourishment of the mind, the growth of understanding the predicament, and the acquirement of the positive response from clients. The latter included professional and personal learning and advancement. Finally, the researcher discusses the findings and limits of this research. Furthermore, based on the results of this research, suggestions are proposed from counseling research, counseling practice, and counseling training.

並列關鍵字

novice counseling psychologist ； counseling internship ； counseling predicament ； coping process ； grounded theory