十二週離心阻力訓練對中年女性心血管危險指標之影響

The Effects of 12-Week Eccentric Resistance Training on the Cardiovascular Risk Markers of Middle-Age Females

李水碧(Lee Shuei-Pi)

指導教授 ： 方進隆

國立臺灣師範大學/運動與休閒學院/體育學系/博士(2006年)

摘要

背景：心血管疾病與發炎反應有關聯性，阻力訓練是否有抗發炎效果而降低心血管疾病的風險，有待進ㄧ步探討。目的：探討12週離心阻力訓練對中年女性心血管疾病新危險指標的影響。方法：以38位中年婦女為研究對象，隨機分為運動訓練組19位 (48.5±7.0歲)與控制組19位 (49.1±7.1歲)。運動訓練組參與強調離心收縮的阻力訓練（每個動作的向心收縮期為2秒鐘，離心收縮期為6秒鐘），每週3天，每天60分鐘(10分鐘熱身運動，40分鐘阻力訓練，10分鐘緩和運動)，持續12週，分三個階段循序漸進。訓練前後所有受試者各進行一次隔夜禁食抽血，分析血液中同半胱胺酸（tHCY）、C-反應蛋白（CRP）、總膽固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白-膽固醇 (HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白-膽固醇 (LDL-C)、三酸甘油酯 (TG)，並測量身體組成、肌耐力和心肺耐力；另結合CRP和LDL-C評估心血管整體風險等級(分為高、中、低風險)，並結合CRP和TC：HDL-C比值評估心血管整體相對危險指數。所得結果以獨立樣本t-考驗、卡方考驗和多元迴歸分析，進行相關資料分析。結果：十二週離心阻力訓練後，體脂肪率、脂肪重、腰圍均有顯著降低（P＜.05），淨體重顯著增加（P＜.05），但體重和腰臀比均沒有顯著改變（P＞.05）；心肺耐力（六分鐘走路測驗）和肌耐力（修正式伏地挺身、腹部捲曲和靠牆蹲坐測驗）均有顯著進步（P＜.05）；CRP濃度顯著下降（1.35±1.70降為0.64±0.49 mg/L, P＜.05），而且體重、BMI、心肺耐力和腰圍等變項是CRP下降的預測指標；tHcy些微升高（13.0±3.4 vs. 14.1±2.7μmol/L），但未達顯著差異水準（P>.05）；心血管風險等級和相對危險指數均有顯著下降（P＜.05）。結論：十二週的離心阻力訓練可以顯著改善中年婦女發炎指數、心血管疾病的風險和健康體適能。

關鍵字

離心阻力訓練 ； C-反應蛋白 ； 同半胱胺酸 ； 心血管危險指標 ； 健康體適能

並列摘要

BACKGROUND：Cardiovascular disease is associated with inflammation, whether resistance training can lower inflammation and decrease the risk of heart disease deserved further investigation. PURPOSES：The purposes of this study were to investigate the effect of 12-week eccentric resistance training on cardiovascular risk factors, including C-reactive protein (CRP), total homocysteine (tHCY), cardiovascular relative risk, cardiovascular risk classification and the related physiological variables of middle-age females. METHODS：There were 38 middle-age female were recruited as the subjects for this study and randomly and equally divided into experimental group (48.5±7.0 years）and control group（49.1±7.1years）. The subjects of experimental group were engaged in eccentric resistance training 3 days per week, 60 minutes ( including 10 minutes warming up, 40minutes resistance-exercise and 10 minutes cool down ) each session for 12 weeks; while the control subjects received no training. The resistance training emphasizes the eccentric portion with 6 seconds and 2 seconds for concentric contraction in one repetition. The variables of tHCY, CRP, total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, triglyceride, body composition, muscular endurance and physical fitness were measured or tested before and after 12 weeks of training. The cardiovascular global relative risk was assessed by the values of CRP with blood lipids (TC：HDL-C ratio). The cardiovascular global risk levels were evaluated by the values of CRP and LDL-C. the collected data were analyzed or compared by independent t test, Chi-square and multiple regression. RESULTS: After 12-week eccentric resistance training, the variables of body fat percent, fat mass and waist circumference have significantly decreased(P<.05), while the lean body weight was significantly increased (p＜.05). However, the body weight and waist-hip ratio didn’t cause significant change (p＞.05). The cardiovascular fitness(6-minute walk test) and muscular endurance(including modified push-up, abdominal hold, and wall sit) increased significantly (all p＜.05) after training. The levels of CRP were significantly improved (1.35±1.17 vs. 0.64±0.49 mg/L, p＜.05) after training, and the body weight, BMI, cardiovascular fitness, and waist circumference were the predictive variables for decreasing CRP. The levels of tHCY was slightly increased (13.0±3.4 vs. 14.1±2.7μmol/L) after 12 weeks of training, however it did not change significantly (p＞.05). The variables of cardiovascular relative risk and cardiovascular risk classification also were significantly improved (both p＜.05). CONCLUSION: The inflammation, cardiovascular global risk and health-related physical fitness were significantly improved after 12- week eccentric resistance training of middle-age females.

並列關鍵字

Eccentric resistance training ； C-reactive protein ； Homocysteine ； Risk markers of cardiovascular disease ； Health-related physical fitness

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