語音唸題對紙筆測驗結果之影響─以國小四年級自然科為例─

The effect of oral-reading in paper-pencil Exam-By the example of fourth graders’ Nature Science Subject in elementary school-

陳明仁(Ming-jen CHEN)

指導教授 ： 李田英

國立臺灣師範大學/理學院/科學教育研究所/碩士(2001年)

摘要

本研究主要有兩個目的：1）探究加入語音唸題對國小四年級自然科紙筆測驗結果的影響及對哪一類型的學童影響較大；2）比較自然科學月考查成績、學月總成績、學期成績與國語科學期成績的相關性，檢視自然科學期成績能否反應學童的自然科學習成就。實驗對象為台北市某國民小學全體四年級學生，有效樣本為306人。以自然科、國語科上學期學期成績，將學童均分為高、中、低分群。另以柯華葳、陳美芳（2000）所發展之閱讀理解評量測驗，測量全部四年級學生，依其結果將學童分為優聽型、中間型與優讀型三種聽讀理解優勢類型。本研究採準實驗研究設計，以班級為單位，將三位教師任課班級隨機分為實驗組、對照組，總計實驗組4班、對照組5班。自然科測驗工具有學校的學月考查試題，與難易度較高之自編試題。本實驗使用複測除去具猜題行為的樣本。每次測驗包含二個測驗方式，實驗組先舉行有語音唸題之紙筆測驗，然後再用相同的試題以無語音唸題測驗方式再測一次，對照組次序則相反。研究結果顯示對整體學生而言語音唸題答題穩定度較高，實驗組變化較對照組少，但都沒有顯著差異。因語音唸題而改寫答案的次數與總分改變量絕對值之表現為：國語低分群顯著高於國語中分群，國語低分群顯著高於國語高分群，國語中分群高於國語高分群但不顯著；自然低分群顯著高於自然中分群，自然低分群顯著高於自然高分群，自然中分群高於自然高分群但不顯著；優聽型顯著高於中間型。研究結果同時顯示研究學校自然科學期成績未能真實反應學童的自然科學習成就。

關鍵字

語音唸題 ； 紙筆測驗 ； 學習成就 ； 學期成績 ； 自然科 ； 國語科 ； 閱讀理解

並列摘要

There were two major purposes for this research: 1) to investigate the impact of oral-reading for fourth graders’ on Natural Science written exam and to identify which types of learner were affected the most; 2) to compare the correlations between Natural Science and Chinese final scores and to identify if the semester final scores could represent the students’ achievement on Natural Science. There were 306 fourth graders involved. They were divided into high-rated, med-rated, and low-rated groups based on the last semester final scores on Natural Science and Chinese respectively in one of the Taipei Municipal elementary schools. According to Reading Comprehension Assessment Test ( Hwa-Hwei Ko & Mei-Fang Chen, 2000), the students were classified into listening oriented, neutral, and reading oriented categories. The research adopted quasi-experimental design; nine classes were randomly assigned into 4 classes as experimental groups and 5 classes as controlled groups. Two Natural Science Test were exammed, one was the school regular monthly Natural Science examination and another was self-designated examination with higher difficulty. The experimental group conducted the oral-reading written test first, and then repeated the same test but without the oral reading while the controlled group via versa. The experiment conducted the test again to eliminate the samples’ guessing. Major findings of this study were as follows: 1) a higher stability with oral-reading for all the students, although the change for experimental group was less than controlled one but not significant; 2) there were significantly different among the high-, med- and low-rated groups and so for listening oriented learners. For both Natural Science and Chinese it showed that the impact for low-rated group was significantly greater than med-rated group, and the impact for low-rated group was significantly greater than higher-rated while the med-rated was greater than the high-rated, but not significantly. And more difference was shown in the listening oriented learners than the neutrals ones; 3) the school semester final scores for Natural Science could not represent the students’ learning achievements.

並列關鍵字

oral-reading ； paper-pencil Exam ； students’ achievement ； semester final scores ； Natural Science ； Chinese ； Reading Comprehension

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