台灣常見昆蟲之成蟲單眼與其習性的關係之研究

張佳鈴

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台灣常見昆蟲之成蟲單眼與其習性的關係之研究

Studies on the Relationship between the Adult Ocelli and Life-Style of Common Insects in Taiwan

張佳鈴 , Masters　　Advisor：林金盾　　

繁體中文

複眼；單眼；眼距；晝行性昆蟲；夜行性昆蟲；活動習性； Compound eyes ； Ocelli ； Eye-pitch ； Diurnal insects ； Nocturnal insects ； Life-style

Abstract │ Reference (19) │ Altmetrics

Abstract 〈TOP〉

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Although compound eyes are main visual organs for most insects,ocelli are not the same for all of the insects.  The positions, quantities, sizes and arrangement of ocelli in each kind of insect are different from each other.  According to life-style, insects could be classified into many types, for example, land-insect, aqua-insect, diurnal insect, nocturnal insect, flying-insect or walking-insect etc.  The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between ocellar  features and life-styles.  There are a variety of insects living in Taiwan.  The insect sampling time is during the seasons of insect’s prosperous activity, from April to October in Taiwan.  After collecting, all samples are recorded by photography   under microscope and measured for data, for example, pitch between compound eyes, width of head, pitch between ocelli, and the shape, sizes, arrangement of ocelli.  The results evidence that most adult-insects possess a pair of compound eyes and various ocelli, some insects having no ocelli, some having a pair of ocelli and some having three ocelli.  The pitch between ocelli is shorter for most diurnal insects with a pair of ocelli.  Among 3 orders and 21 species, the average value of RL/CRCL is 0.60±0.19.  As for most nocturnal insects, the distance between ocelli is longer.  The average value of RL/CRCL is 0.96±0.11 among 7 orders and 24 species.  There is a significant difference between two groups.  For all diurnal insects with three ocelli, all ocelli are on the same plane, pitches are shorter and lenses are upwards.  As for most noctural insects with three ocelli, all ocelli are not on the same plane, pitches are longer and lens of bilateral ocelli are sideward and lens of middle ocellus is forwards or downwards.  All of the corneal lens of diurnal insects are cone-shaped, whereas the lens of the nocturnal insects are plate-form. In conclusion, this study showed that the positions, lens morphology and arrangement of ocelli in adult insects are related to their life-style in Taiwan.

Reference ( 19 ) 〈TOP〉

蔡在壽，李琦玟，林金盾，吳京一。1995. 探討八星虎甲蟲複眼之研究（鞘翅目虎甲蟲科）。中華昆蟲15: 203-213.
連結：
蔡任圃。2002. 單眼與複眼在蟑螂運動行為上的調控功能。國立臺灣師範大學生物學系碩士論文。
連結：
Carlson, S. D. and C. Chi. 1979. The functional morphology of the insect photoreceptor. Ann. Rev. Entom. 24: 379-416.
連結：
Chang, J. L., J. T. Lin, T. S. Tsai and C. Y. Wu. 1994. Study on the development of the ocellar L-neurons of cockroach Periplaneta americana. Zool. Stud. 33: 310-313.
連結：
Kastberger, G. 1990. The ocelloi control the flight couse in honeybees. Physiol. Entomol. 15: 337-346.
連結：

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