沉默之咎 - 從#MeToo探討臺灣校園運動場域之性平案件

The Blame of Silence – Reflections on Taiwan's Sports Field Gender Cases on Campus from #MeToo

蔡宛真(Tsai Wan-Chen)

指導教授 ： 程瑞福

國立臺灣師範大學/運動與休閒學院/體育學系/碩士(2021年)

https://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202100623

摘要

全球#MeToo效應影響所及，讓社會對於運動場域中性別案件的關注度高升，特別是美國體操性虐待醜聞的爆發，更引起世人的關注。本研究之研究目的為：透過探討新聞媒體、運動員及政府相關政策這三者的觀點，分析臺灣運動場域中性別案件發生的現況，並提出相對應之建。研究方法：應用文件分析法及質性研究的焦點團體訪談法，蒐集資料並做歸納分析。研究發現：一、臺灣校園運動場域性平發生以國中階段學生居多，男生則以團體項目較為多見，女生則較常見於個人運動項目。二、運動場域性平案件為性騷擾與性侵害等兩種類型，加害者皆不當使用權力犯案。三、性平案件之違反身體自主與沉默的成因來自於自於權力、知識差異，且差異性越大，將導致被害者與旁觀者保持沉默之情形更加明顯。研究建議：一、媒體需持續關注運動場域性平案件；二、提高運動教練性別比例，並提升教練適當指導方針；三、加強校園性平安全巡查機制；四、提升運動員身體自主權意識。

關鍵字

權力不對等 ； 身體自主權 ； 運動團隊

並列摘要

In recent years, under the trend of #MeToo, and due to the exposure of Lawrence Nassar’s serial sex offense crimes, the society's attention to gender cases in the sports field has increased. There are related cases in Taiwan as well. The incident of a women's gymnastics coach in Kaohsiung sexually assaulting athletes shocked the society. The purpose of this research is to understand the situation of sexual abuse in the sports field and how to improve them through media, athletes and relevant government policies. Research methods: document analysis and focus group interview method in qualitative research. Conclusion: (1) Regarding the victims of sexual abuse in the sports field, different sports have victims of different genders. The victims of sex abuse in team sports are mostly male, and those in individual sports are mostly female. Mostly, teenagers in adolescence were most likely to become victims, and the perpetrators usually have more power to do harm to potential victims; (2) Athletes that researcher interviewed believe that there are two types of gender cases in the sports field, which are sexual harassment and sexual assault. They also think that the perpetrators of the cases improperly use their power and deliberately promote the occurrence of the case; (3) The violation of physical autonomy and silence in sports field equality cases come from: power and knowledge differences, and the greater the difference, the more severe the silence of victim and the onlooker. Recommendations: (1) Strengthen inspections on campus; (2) Increase the gender ratio of coaches; (3) Advocate the physical autonomy of athletes; (4) Legislate policies by government in order to strengthen the gender awareness of coaches and athletes.

並列關鍵字

unequal power ； body autonomy ； sports teams

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