應用數位行車資訊分析小客車駕駛行為對油耗影響之研究

A study on the influence of driving behavior on smaller car oil comsumption through digital tachograph.

廖文德(Wen-Te Liau)

指導教授 ： 王鴻龍

國立臺北大學/商學院/統計學系/碩士(2010年)

摘要

坊間有許多關於小客車省油駕駛的方式及建議，如車輛省能要訣，提出用車人對省油車輛之駕駛方法、設備使用、行程規劃等資訊，其中：行駛途中儘量保持等速，小客車高速行駛時速維持在時速80-90較110公里以上省油，引擎避免怠速空轉浪費油料等，某網站知識也提到車行時速中速度(40~60km/hr)開車會比高速度(61~120km/hr)和低速度(0~39km/hr)較省油；下坡路段不經常急煞車會比經常急煞車省油等，情況是否真如同坊間說法，只要照做就會降低油耗，而這些說法和小客車駕駛方式及行車環境有關，是值得探討的題目。
本研究主要透過行車記錄器裝置於小客車，以不固定行駛路線、不同車輛、不同駕駛者、不固定行駛區域為收集對象，用數位行車記錄器紀錄駕駛情況，並且量化收集資料，來分析駕駛行為對和油耗有何種的關係，此次實驗目的希望研究出此種的關聯性。
影響油耗的因子的原因眾多，大致上可分為:1.外在環境影響情況：如天氣情況、道路情況、是否開冷氣等等，2.行車駕駛行為情況:如平穩駕駛、急加速、急減速、怠速等等，3.駕駛者是否會對油耗產生影響，如果可以加以詳細區分，則可以結合三大類與用油情形來建立數個油耗的線性模型，再依生活習慣選擇最合適的模型。
研究結果顯示小客車駕駛者注意駕駛行為耗油部份順序為：開車燈、時速一百公里以上的平穩行車、時速五十到七十公里的平穩行車、開冷氣、引擎啟動次數、乘載人數、怠速、行經地面潮濕路段、陰天、時速七十到九十公里的急加速行車、行經上坡路段等。
也提醒小客車駕駛者注意駕駛行為省油部份順序為：行經快速道路、夜間行車、時速五十到七十公里的急加速行車、行駛一般道路、時速一百公里以上的急加速行車、下坡路段、時速七十到九十公里的平穩行車等，這些結果可作為一般大眾行車時參考，達到小客車省油駕駛方式。

關鍵字

油耗因子 ； 駕駛行為 ； 迴歸分析；門檻值；省能；

並列摘要

Can there are a lot of ways and suggestions such as the vehicle province regarding the limousine saves the oil and drives knacks among the workshops, information that people plan to driving method, apparatus using, journey which save the oil vehicle,etc. to propose using the car, among them: Go and try hard to keep the uniform velocity in the way, the limousine goes at a high speed the speed per hour maintains at 80-90 speeds per hour relatively more than 110 kilometers saves oil, it is idle to dally, waste oil wait, some website knowledge mention garage speed per hour hit pace (40~60km/hr) too rapidly for engine to prevent from Can drive than at a high speed (61~120km/hr) with the low pace (0~39km/hr) relatively fuel-efficient; Downhill path highway section worried brake will save than often worried brake oil wait for, the situation, really like the statement among the workshops often, so long as will reduce the oil consumption according to doing, and these statements and limousines drive the way and drive a vehicle the environment have something to do with, it is a topic that is worth probing into.
Research this pass, drive a vehicle register device on limousine, with traval route, different vehicle, different driver, fixed to go area to be alike for to collect more mainly, drive a vehicle several the register note down the situation of driving, and quantization collects the materials, come, analyze, drive behavior until which kind of 's relation oil consumption have,experiment this purpose hope, work out this kind getting related.
Reasons of the factor for influencing the oil consumption are numerous, can roughly be ivided into: 1. External environmental impact situation: Such as weather condition, situation of the road, the air conditioning is helding, etc., 2. Drive a vehicle and drive the behavioral situation: For instance drive steadily, accelerate urgently, moderate urgently, wait a moment idly rapidly, 3.Whether the driver will exert an influence on the oil consumption, if can distinguish in detail, can combine three big classes with setting up the linear model of several pieces of oil consumption with the oil situation, and then choose the model suitable most in accordance with the habits and customs.
Oil some orders are to pay attention to driving the behavior to dawdle that the result of study reveals the limousine driver: Open the car light, driving a vehicle steadily of more than 100 kilometres per hour, driving a vehicle steadily of 50 to 70 kilometers of speeds per hour, it make air conditioning, engine last number of times, take number of people, speeds idle, wet, cloudy day, 70 to 90 kilometer is the urgent to drive a vehicle, pass through go up a slope by highway section,etc. with higher speed speed per hour.
Remind limousine driver to pay attention to, drive behavior save oil some orders too: Pass through the through street, drive a vehicle at night, driving a vehicle urgently with higher speed of 50 to 70 kilometers of speeds per hour, driving a vehicle etc. steadily of 70 to 90 kilometers of driving a vehicle urgently with higher speed of more than general road, 100 kilometres per hour, the highway section of downhill path, speed per hour, these results can be consulted while driving a vehicle as general masses, reach the limousine and save the oil and drive the way.

並列關鍵字

Oil consumption factor； Drive the behavior；Regression Analyze ； Value of threshold ； Province can

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