執業特許和考選制度對總體經濟的影響

The Impact of Occupational Licensure and Certification on Economic Growth

傅家竑(CHIA-HUNG FU)

指導教授 ： 盧佳慧

國立臺北大學/社會科學學院/經濟學系/碩士(2016年)

摘要

本文探討了特許管制的原由，並且敘述管制與考選制度的關聯。執照考試的錄取率，直接影響該行業的勞動人數，社會上的產出也會因為勞動人數的增減而改變。文中試圖研究特許行業與一般行業之間的工資差異來源，並且比較政府限制較高、錄取率較低的狀況下，相對於限制較低、錄取率較高之參數的改變。論文最後得出的結論：隨著放寬管制，會讓原本受到管制的行業之薪資所得和一般行業的薪資所得越趨近於一致。且開放程度相對較高的社會，生產、消費和資本累積都會比較高，市場的運作將會更有效率。

關鍵字

執業特許 ； 工資差異

並列摘要

This article discusses the reason of occupational Licensure , and connection between occupational licensure and license certification . The acceptance rate of license test , will cause a direct impact on the labor force in the industry . The increasing (or decreasing) of labor force will make output in the community change .This paper attempts to study at the source of wage differentials between the licensing occupation and general occupation , and relatively high government restrictions ,with respect to the lower limit ,the higher acceptance rate of change of the economics . The conclusions come to : Without regulation , the earned income and salary income of licensing occupation are more consistent to general occupation . And a higher degree of openness, as opposed to a lesser extent , production , consumption and capital accumulation will be higher , and more efficiency with market mechanism .

並列關鍵字

Occupational Licensure ； wage differentials

參考文獻

Kydland, F. E., & Prescott, E. C. (1982).“Time to build and aggregate fluctuations.” Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, 50,1345-1370.

────(1991). Hours and employment variation in business-cycle theory (pp. 107-134). Palgrave Macmillan UK.

Smith, A., &Garnier, M. (1838). An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations. T. Nelson.

Schneider, S. K. (1987). “Influences on state professional licensure policy.Public Administration Review,” 479-484.

Gellhorn, W. (1958).Individual freedom and governmental restraints.Baton Rouge:Louisiana State University.