以模糊理論分析電容及被動濾波器最佳安置

Optimal Placement of Capacitors and Passive Harmonic Filters in Power System by Fuzzy Analysis

蔡兆原(Chao-Yuan Tsai)

指導教授 ： 顏義和

國立虎尾科技大學/電機資訊學院/電機工程研究所/碩士(2015年)

摘要

由於科技的進步，許多大型半導體廠及電子廠使用越來越多非線性設備投入運作，非線性負載所造成的諧波電流及諧波電壓降，使得電力系統所受到的汙染日益嚴重。有關於電力系統中諧波問題，中華民國台灣電力公司諧波管制辦法(IEEE-519)中有明確的限制規定。本論文要探討如何在一個電力系統中，尋找最適合裝置電容器及被動濾波器的匯流排位置，以達到在相同條件及最低成本下擁有最好的諧波電壓及電流過濾效果。

本論文應用電力潮流及諧波潮流分析補償電容器最佳安裝位置為目標，利用Power Factory軟體建構一個N Bus System來模擬包含網狀及輻射狀之不同饋線架構的小型電力系統模型，運用軟體中的電力潮流及諧波潮流分析後，先以電容器補償系統負載所需的虛功，再搭配被動式濾波器來過濾諧波電流，並使用Fuzzy中的Mamdani推論法則來尋找電容器最佳安裝的位置。本研究可以讓大量使用非線性負載的用戶，在裝設設備前先行做簡單的模擬，並在符合國家法規的規範之下，挑選適合自己廠房的設備，可以在產生諧波電流源裝置的前端，先行加裝電容器及濾波器，以達到電費成本降低、提高功率因數及減少諧波干擾等實際效用。

由於電子設備在現代被大規模使用，越來越多的諧波源產生是無法避免的，其中電力電子、馬達等裝置更是在生活中隨處可見，因此要如何有效的過濾諧波電流源及達到最低的成本效益，可藉由本論文的方法因應防範之。

關鍵字

電力潮流分析 ； 諧波源 ； 模糊理論 ； 電力電容器 ； 被動式濾波器

並列摘要

Along with the development of science and technology, many large-scale semiconductor fabs and electronic plants have applied more and more nonlinear equipment to their operations, thus the pollution of nonlinear load on the power system caused by harmonic current and harmonic voltage drop that is getting worse and worse. For the harmonic issues in the power system, there’re definite restrictions that stated in R.O.C. (Taiwan) Power Company Harmonics Control Regulations (IEEE-519). This study is to investigate how to find the optimal location in a power system to install the busbar of capacitors and passive harmonic filters in order to have the best harmonic voltage and current filtering effect within same conditions and lowest costs.

This study is applied the power flow and harmonic load flow to analyze the optimal placement of compensation capacitors as the goal, and used Power Factory software to build a N Bus System to simulate a small power system model which contains different meshed and radiant feeders framework, after applied the power flow and harmonic flow analysis of this software, first use the capacitance compensation system to load the required virtual work, then cooperated with the passive harmonic filter to filter harmonic current, and used Mamdani's fuzzy inference methods to find the optimal location of installing capacitor. This research allows users of applying large-scale nonlinear loads to make a simple simulation prior to install required equipment, and then within conforming national regulations to select the optimal equipment that fit for their fabs and plants. In addition, they can add the capacitor and wave filter on the front end of device that will produce harmonic current source to achieve these actual effects of lowering power costs, increasing power factor and reducing harmonic interference.

Since electronic equipment has been extensively used in modern times, production of more and more harmonic sources is unavoidable; among which, power electronics and motors can be seen everywhere in our daily life; therefore, how to effectively filter the harmonic current source and achieve the lowest cost benefit, the methods this study suggested that can be used as the reference to respond to corresponding issues.

並列關鍵字

power flow analysis ； harmonic source ； fuzzy theory ； power capacitors ； passive filter

參考文獻

[1] IEEE Standard 519-1992, 1993,IEEE Recommended Practices and

Requirements for Harmonic Control in Electrical Power System, New York

[9] Grady WM, 1993,Power factor correction and power system harmonics , Short course.

[10] Hindmarsh J, 1984, ” Electrical machines and their applications“.

[15] L. A. Zadeh, 1965,“ Fuzzy Sats“, Information and Control, Vol.8, pp.338-353.