齒輪箱測試機台改良開發

Improved Development of Gearbox Test Machine

何育昇(Yu-Sheng He)

指導教授 ： 王培郁

共同指導教授 ： 黃自貴(Zi-Gui Huang)

國立虎尾科技大學/工程學院/機械設計工程研究所/碩士(2015年)

摘要

在量產的齒輪箱產線上對於組裝完成的合格齒輪箱抽樣檢驗，經由外部馬達帶動齒輪箱運轉進行噪音測試。然而，測試時因外在環境或測試人員之聽覺感官影響測試結果，為能更準確判斷齒輪箱裝配品質，本研究將改良齒輪箱測試機台用於全檢產線上組裝完成的合格齒輪箱，利用三軸向加速規量測齒輪箱運轉狀態產生的振動特性，再從頻譜分析儀的時域圖和頻譜圖量測齒輪箱特徵參數的頻率與振幅，測試其內部零組件裝配的功能性測試與運轉狀態的異音檢測，除了應用全檢之外還可用於檢驗異常的齒輪箱。本研究利用齒輪箱對於測試機台進行檢測，檢測於齒輪箱固定形式和傳動系統設置與傳動方式以及齒輪箱運轉狀態，透過控制器輸入的馬達轉速計算理論轉頻與嚙合頻率等齒輪箱特徵參數，再與實際運轉狀態量測的頻譜圖中擷取實際頻率，判讀齒輪箱與測試機台產生的異常現象。在齒輪箱安裝的重現性與振動量測的穩定性之缺失，依據量測結果推論齒輪箱的測試需求而進行測試機台改良開發，利用Solid Works軟體繪製3D模型，模擬測試機台的使用形式與齒輪箱在安裝與拆卸流程以及傳動系統的傳動方式，並分析測試機台使用過程可能發生的異常現象。

關鍵字

齒輪箱 ； 加速規 ； 頻譜分析儀 ； 振動

並列摘要

Performing sampling inspections on qualified gearbox at the gearbox mass production line, using external motors to drive gearbox rotation and conduct noise level tests. However, test results can be affected by external conditions or auditory sense, in order to accurately determine the quality of the gearboxes, this research will improve the gearbox testing stations to use in the overall testing on qualified gearboxes fabricated at the production line. Using the tri-axial accelerometer to measure the oscillatory characteristic caused by the gearboxes’ rotary state, and then measuring the frequency and vibration amplitude of the gearboxes’ feature parameter from the spectrum analyzer’s time-domain chart and frequency spectrogram, testing the functionality of assembly of its internal components and rotary state’s abnormal noises test. Apart from its application on overall testing, it can also be used on testing abnormal gearboxes. This research uses gearboxes to conduct tests on the testing stations, and to test the system settings and transmission method of the gearbox’s stationary mode and rotation mode, as well as the gearbox’s rotary state. Gearbox feature parameters such as the theoretical rotation rate and mesh frequency are calculated through the motor rotation rate input by the controller, the parameters are then used with the actual frequency obtained from the spectrogram of actual rotary state to determine abnormal phenomena created by the gearbox and testing station. Defects are presented in the repetitiveness of gearbox assembly and vibration measurement’s stability, test results are used to deduce the gearbox’s testing requirements for the improvement and development of testing stations. Solid Works software is use to create a 3D model in imitating application modes of testing stations and the gearbox’s assembly and dismantlement procedures, as well as the transmission system’s transmission methods. Possible abnormalities of testing stations application process are also analyzed.

並列關鍵字

Gearbox ； Accelermeter ； Spectrum Analyzer ； Vibration

參考文獻

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