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  • 學位論文

以網格為基礎之進化演算法於多類型風力渦輪機配置最佳化問題

Use of Grid Computing Based Evolutionary Approach for the Multiple Types of Wind Turbine Placement in the Large Wind Farm

指導教授 : 陳大正
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摘要


風力發電屬於再生能源(renewable energy)的一種,風力能源可降低人類對於石化然料的需求及對自然環境的衝擊。然而風力發電場(wind farm)之總發電量與效率會受其尾流效應(亦指上風處的風力渦輪機造成下風處產生尾流)的影響導致降低。過去研究文獻上皆只限於探討於特定數目、單一類型的風力渦輪機於風力場配置最佳化的問題,並未考量有資源限制、且不同類型之風力渦輪機的配置問題,因此本研究欲考量具總運轉成本、最低效率要求的條件限制,且具備風力渦輪機尾流效應的特性下,探討如何同時決定其風力渦輪機類型、數目以及設置的位置,欲使特定風力發電場配置的風力渦輪機總發電量達到最大化。而此多種類型風力渦輪機配置問題可以用非線性規劃之數學模式來描述,此一問題是以數學規劃及不同之啟發式方法(heuristic method)來求其最佳之近似解,而此問題之困難度除了為非線性規劃問題外,其變數類別較多及難以滿足限制式也大幅增加問題的困難性,因此本研究提出中將提出以網格運算為基礎架構之免疫演算法解決其繁複的運算與上文所描述之困難點,以求取最佳或近似最佳大型風力發電場之部署,並當其解非唯一時,能提供決策者有更多不同思維的決策制訂。預期此方法較其他傳統方法簡易,且所提出之方法應優於目前各種不同之文獻所提方法。

並列摘要


Wind power is a kind of renewable energy, and wind energy can reduce the human demand for petrochemical fuel and its impact on the natural environment. However, the total generating capacity and efficiency of wind farms will decrease due to the wake effect. The literatures of previous studies are limited to exploring the optimized configuration issues of a specific number of wind turbines and a single type of wind turbine in wind farms, but did not consider the configuration issues of wind turbines with resource constraints, and the different types. This study therefore considers the characteristics of the total operating costs, condition constraints of the minimum efficiency requirements, and wake effects of the wind turbine, explores how to simultaneously determine the type and number of wind turbines and the location of settings, and claims to maximize the total generation amount of wind turbines in a specific wind farm configuration. And the configuration issues of various types of wind turbines can be described with the nonlinear mathematical planning model. This problem uses the mathematical programming and different heuristic methods to find the best approximate solution, which has more types of variables and difficulty satisfying the constraints, increasing the difficulty of the problem as well. This research therefore proposes a grid-based immune algorithm to solve the complex computing and to calculate the optimal or near-optimal wind farm deployment, and a non-unique solution can provide decision-makers with more different ways of thinking for decision making. This method is expected to be easier than other traditional methods, and the proposed method should be better than the current methods proposed by various literatures.

參考文獻


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