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  • 學位論文

供應鏈長鞭效應、敏捷力與績效關聯性之研究

A Research into the Relationship between Bullwhip Effect, Agility and Performance in Supply Chain System

指導教授 : 張洝源
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摘要


現今在各個產業中,供應鏈之管理與運用日益普遍,其存貨及訂單的正確與穩定性是企業最重視的策略,然而,供應鏈管理存在長鞭效應之問題,對供應鏈管理的效率與績效產生難以克服之影響。在市場快速變化及全球化競爭的環境下,企業為了在激烈競爭且多變環境下求生存,必須擬定有效的供應鏈策略。本研究之目的在於探討長鞭效應在供應鏈管理中產生的影響,並分析供應鏈敏捷力是否對供應鏈管理產生效益。藉由供應鏈之長鞭效應、敏捷力以及績效間的關係,進而解析敏捷力是否對於長鞭效應在績效產生負面影響有緩解之作用。本研究以台灣前500大企業為實證研究對象,探討台灣製造業供應鏈之長鞭效應、敏捷力與績效之關聯性。 本研究先藉由文獻為基礎及專家的訪談整理彙整造成長鞭效應的因子以及供應鏈敏捷力與績效因子,並藉由關鍵因素之分析,評估長鞭效應因素對於供應鏈績效影響的重要性程度,以及因素間的相互影響關係,進而有效管理這些因素對於供應鏈長鞭效應產生之衝擊。首先,藉由模糊德爾菲法(Fuzzy Delphi Method,FDM)篩選長鞭效應因素與敏捷力因素,並使用偏最小平方法(Partial Least Squares,PLS)的結構方程模式(Structural Equation Modeling, SEM)建立其構面與因素間的關係進行第二次因素篩選,並驗證本研究四大假設是否成立。後續運用貝氏網路分析法(Bayesian Network, BN)來建構長鞭效應、敏捷力與績效之因素間關聯模型,再透過偏最小平方法(PLS)與決策實驗法(Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory, DEMATEL)來驗證關聯模型。 藉由PLS-SEM模型之驗證,本研究得到以下之結論:敏捷力對長鞭效應有顯著的負面影響;敏捷力對績效有顯著的正面影響;以及長鞭效應對績效有顯著的負面影響;另外,敏捷力與長鞭效應對績效影響之調節效果之檢定,結果顯示其交互效果則是不具顯著性而不成立。此外,本研究並利用貝氏網路與DEMATEL針對長鞭效應、敏捷力與績效之相關元素之間的相互關聯性加以驗證,並依據關聯模型進行分析,藉以判別提升企業績效之最具關鍵性因素,所得之關鍵因素為供應商交貨時間之延滯(A12)、供應商到貨量不穩定(A11)、以及缺貨問題(A16),上述因素的將直接影響其它因子,並對抑制長鞭效應發生及敏捷力與企業績效的提升亦產生顯著之影響。

並列摘要


Today in various industries, supply chain management and application have become increasingly common for the correctness and stability of inventory and order are the key strategies most industries attach importance to; however, impacts caused by the bullwhip effect, which exists in all supply chains create difficult obstacles for managerial efficiency and performance to take place. In the face of changeable market and global competitions, industries must develop effective supply chain strategies in order to survive in such highly competitive and rapidly changing environment. The purpose of this study lies in exploring impacts caused by the bullwhip effect in supply chains and analyzing whether supply chain agility brings effects to supply chain management. And furthermore, to analyze whether agility can soothe and resolve negative impacts caused by the bullwhip effect in terms of performance by examining correlations among the bullwhip effect in supply chains, agility, and performance. In this study, Taiwan’s top 500 companies were used as the empirical subject to explore correlations among the bullwhip effect in supply chains, agility, and performance within the manufacturing industry in Taiwan. In this study, factors of the bullwhip effect, supply chain agility, and performance were compiled based on literature reviews and interviews with experts. Upon the analysis of key factors, the degree of importance of the bullwhip effect in terms of supply chain performance as well as the intercorrelation among these factors were estimated, so that impacts caused by these factors in terms of the bullwhip effect in supply chains could be managed effectively. First of all, the bullwhip effect and agility factors were selected using the fuzzy Delphi method (FDM), and then a dimension and correlations among these factors were established using partial least squares (PLS) in order to carry out the second selection of factors as well as to verify whether the study’s four assumptions are valid. Next, a model of correlations among the bullwhip effect, agility, and performance factors was established using Bayesian network (BN) and subsequently verified using PLS and decision making trail and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL). Based on the verification of PLS-SEM model, findings of this study are as follows: agility has a significant negative impact on the bullwhip effect; ability has a significant positive impact on performance; and the bullwhip effect has a significant negative impact on performance; moreover, according to results derived from the examination on moderating effect of impacts of agility and the bullwhip effect on performance, there is no significant or valid intercorrelation among these factors. In addition, a further verification was implemented in accordance with an intercorrelation among the bullwhip effect, agility, and performance factors, and an analysis was conducted to determine key factors that can improve business performance based on the correlation model. In this study, the Bayesian Networks Analysis and DEMATEL were adopted to verify the interconnectedness among factors related to bullwhip effect, agility, and performance. An analysis was conducted based on the relational model in order to determine the most crucial factors contributing to enhanced enterprise performance. The crucial factors obtained in this study include: supplier’s delivery time delay (A12), supplier’s volume instability (A11), and out-of-stock problem (A16). These factors should first be improved and prevented, while the condition of the above factors will also affect the performance of other factors and whether they can suppress occurrences of the bullwhip effect and agility and enhance enterprise performance.

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被引用紀錄


吳振維(2016)。供應鏈風險、長鞭效應、精實與績效關係之研究〔碩士論文,國立虎尾科技大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0028-2707201620150400
卓政憲(2018)。因應長鞭效應之關鍵供應鏈敏捷力〔碩士論文,國立虎尾科技大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0028-0102201823442200

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