應用CONWIP於供應鏈存貨政策之探討

Application of CONWIP in Supply Chains of Inventory Policies

陳嘉宇(Chia-Yu Chen)

指導教授 ： 楊太宏

國立虎尾科技大學/管理學院/工業工程與管理研究所/碩士(2010年)

摘要

在傳統供應鏈系統中，顧客需求量有所變動時，會對供應鏈中各個階層之存貨造成變動。對應此變動，各階層將會訂定適當的存貨政策來降低存貨成本。如何制定供應鏈系統之存貨政策，達到降低存貨成本，已成為管理供應鏈之首要任務。本研究藉由eM-Plant動態模擬方法，來研究供應鏈存貨政策改變，對各階層單位所造成的影響，並針對(s,Q)及CONWIP存貨政策建構模擬模型，而此模型由供應商、製造商、配銷中心及零售商構成供應鏈系統，藉由各階層下游需求變異之變動，探討供應鏈各階層之存貨變動情況。研究結果顯示當供應鏈下游成員之需求改變時，會使供應鏈上游之存貨產生缺貨或者存貨堆積，進而造成供應鏈上下游間存貨的波動，導致影響各階層之存貨成本，以致於整體供應鏈總成本增加。本論文將對此情況進行分析探討，並提出改善之方向，以有效管理供應鏈存貨政策。

關鍵字

存貨政策 ； 供應鏈管理 ； 動態模擬 ； CONWIP ； eM-Plant

並列摘要

Changes in customers’ demands vary with that in each hierarchy’s inventory of traditional supply chain system. Each hierarchy shall set a proper inventory policy to reduce inventory costs and to adapt to such changes. The primary mission of managing supply chain is how to devise inventory policies of supply chain for reducing inventory costs. “eM-Plant” dynamic simulation was used to research how changes in supply chain policies would influence each hierarchical unit. For comparing with (s,Q) and CONWIP inventory policies , a simulation model was constructed in which suppliers, manufacturers, distribution centers, retailers constitute a supply chain system altogether. Demand changes in lower level of each hierarchy were used to explore inventory changes in each hierarchy of supply chain. It is concluded in this research that demand changes in lower level of supply chain would result in insufficient or excessive inventory in upper lower, the insistence between lower and upper levels of supply chain, and affecting each hierarchy’s inventory costs and increasing total costs of the whole supply chain. Those side effects were analyzed in this research for submitting more efficient supply chain management policies.

並列關鍵字

Dynamic simulation ； Inventory Policy ； Supply Chain Management

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