運用影像資料進行混合車流的安全評估方式

廖家慧

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運用影像資料進行混合車流的安全評估方式

Safety Evaluation for Mixed Traffic Using Video Based Data

廖家慧 , Masters　　Advisor：黃家耀　　

英文

交通衝擊；事故指標法；混合車流；安全績效函數； traffic conflict ； crash surrogate measure ； time-to-collision ； mixed traffic ； Safety Performance Function

Abstract │ Reference (31) │ Altmetrics

Abstract 〈TOP〉

Parallel Abstract 〈TOP〉

Taiwan’s traffic condition on urban arterials is mixed traffic. In Taiwan, the mode share of private transportation is over 70%, and scooters are popular in which. Despite of the high efficiency and mobility of scooters, traffic safety is a major concern. The attributes, maneuvering, and behavior of scooter riders are very different from those of cars drivers. The accident rate and fatality rate of scooters are very high among the mixed traffic in Taiwan.
Previous studies focused on safety studies of automobiles, and there are recent interests in the safety evaluation of mixed traffic in which there is a high ratio of scooters. Since using crash surrogates on safety analysis is emerging in the past decade, this study aims to investigate the crash surrogate measures on safety of mixed traffic. We consider the time-to-collision (TTC) as the surrogate measure.
A vehicle trajectory dataset collected in Taipei city is available for this study. The dataset contains the second-by-second positions of all vehicles in the traffic stream. An algorithm is developed to analyze the traffic conflicts, which is a potential of crashes, in two steps, (i) “Trajectories Projecting” and (ii) “Overlap Checking.” Then, we can derive all the traffic conflict cases for an assumed TTC value. Two further analyses are conducted to explore the rationality and reliability of the approach. The spatial distribution of traffic conflicts on the arterial are then investigated to check the rationality of the approach. Lastly, we propose to use a Safety Performance Function (SPF) to see if the frequencies of conflicts are related to the proportion of scooters in the mixed traffic.
The results show that the conflicts identified with TTC are reasonable and a good representation of the observations. The spatial distribution can show the crash prone locations. Through the conflict-based SPF regression model, it is found that the percentage of scooters in mixed traffic is actually associated with conflict frequencies.

Reference ( 31 ) 〈TOP〉

El-Basyouny, K., & Sayed, T. (2013). Safety Performance Functions Using Traffic Conflicts. Safety Science, 51(1), 160-164.
連結：
Gettman, D., & Head, L. (2003). Surrogate Safety Measures from Traffic Simulation Models. Transportation Research Record, 1840(1), 104–115.
連結：
Habtemichael, F. and Picado-Santos, L. (2012) Safety evaluation of aggressive driving on motorways through microscopic traffic simulation and surrogate measures. The 91st Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C.
連結：
Huang, F., Liu, P., Yu, H. and Wang W. (2013) Identifying if VISSIM simulation model and SSAM provide reasonable estimates for field measured traffic conflicts at signalized intersections. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 50, 1014-1024.
連結：
Hou, J., List, G. F., & Guo, X. (2014). New algorithms for computing the time-to-collision in freeway traffic simulation models. Computational intelligence and neuroscience, 2014, 57.
連結：

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