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  • 學位論文

分子式及金奈米粒子載體式雙吡啶二價鈀金屬錯化合物的合成,結構鑑定與催化應用探討

Synthesis, Characterization and Catalytic Application of Aminodipyridylphosphine Oxide Palladium(II) Complex and Its Supported Form on Gold Nanoparticles

指導教授 : 于淑君
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摘要


本論文成功合成出具含氮雙芽配位基之分子式二價鈀觸媒 [CH3(CH2)3N(H)P(O)(2-Py)2]Pd(OAc)2 (6)、[HO(CH2)11N(H)P(O) (2-py)2]Pd(OAc)2 (3) 與金奈米粒子(AuNPs)載體式二價鈀觸媒 RS-Au-SL-Pd(OAc)2 (12)。製備分子式觸媒的方式是將醋酸鈀與配位基 CH3(CH2)3N(H)P(O)(2-Py)2 (5) 或 HO(CH2)11N(H)P(O)(2-py)2 (2) 於氯仿溶劑下反應,接著將溶劑抽乾,注入除水乙醚,移除上層溶液,抽乾後即可得到具水氧穩定性的金黃色分子式觸媒 (3)、(6),並以紅外線光譜、單晶繞射及核磁共振光譜儀等分析方式鑑定結構。而載體式觸媒的製備方法是以 [Au-SR] (R = CH3(CH2)10CH2SH) 作為載體,加入配位基 HS(CH2)11N(H)P(O)(2-py)2 (9) 與金奈米粒子表面的硫醇保護基作交換 (place exchange),得到 RS-Au-SL (11);最後再將 RS-Au-SL (11) 與 Pd(OAc)2 於氯仿溶劑下反應,抽乾後得到金奈米粒子載體式鈀觸媒 (12),由於我們將有機分子修飾於金奈米粒子表面上,使得載體式觸媒能溶解 (或分散) 於有機溶劑中,因此可使用液相核磁共振光譜儀迅速準確地鑑定其結構。 烯醯胺在多數天然化合物及藥物中是重要的骨架結構,像是抗癌藥物 lobatamides 和 oximidines 等。本論文於均相催化系統中,將多種不同官能基之磺醯胺化合物與乙酸乙烯酯,加入鈀觸媒 (2 mol )、碳酸鉀 (3 當量) 及氯仿溶劑,於 65 oC 下攪拌 2 小時,分子式及載體式觸媒之轉化率均可達 90  左右,說明本論文的觸媒不僅在烯化反應上有相當好的成果,且證明金奈米粒子載體式觸媒不因為逐步非均相化而降低催化活性。 除此之外,金奈米粒子載體式觸媒依然保有一般非均相觸媒可重複使用的特性,這也是我們設計金奈米載體最大的目的;實驗結果顯示,金奈米粒子載體式觸媒 (12) 可達九次重複使用且催化活性無明顯降低,同時也較分子式的觸媒的重複使用效率為高。最後,我們更進一步以微波照射的方式取代傳統加熱反應,在 200 W 微波功率下,僅須 20 分鐘便能達到傳統加熱法之催化效果,可有效率地進行反應及節省能源的目的。

並列摘要


We have successfully synthesized palladium(II) aminodipyridylphosphine oxide complex [HO(CH2)11N(H)P(O)(2-py)2]Pd(OAc)2 (1) and its gold nanoparticles-supported analogous Au NPs-S(CH2)11N(H)P(O)(2-py)2Pd(OAc)2 (2). The direct reaction of Pd(OAc)2 and HO(CH2)11N(H)P(O)(2-py)2 (HOL, L = (CH2)11NHP(O)(2-py)2) gave 1 as yellow solids in high yield. Meanwhile, the dodecanethiolate protected gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), RS-Au (R = C12H25), were functionalized with HS(CH2)11N(H)P(O)(2-py)2 (HSL) to give mixed thiolates-covered AuNPs, RS-Au-SL. Further reaction of RS-Au-SL with Pd(OAc)2 generated the desired hybrid catalyst RS-Au-SL-Pd(OAc)2 in quantitative yield. Since 2 is soluble (or well-dispersed) in many organic solvents and can be precipitated and re-dissolved, it’s structure can be readily characterized by IR, solution NMR and TEM. Enamides are important structural skeletons in various classes of natural products, such as the anti-cancer drugs lobatamides and oximidines. Herein we have demonstrated that both the free- and the AuNPs-supported Pd complexes exhibited great catalytic reactivity towards the N-vinylation reaction of various sulfonamides under mild conditions. Moreover, the hybrid catalyst can be effectively recovered from reaction mixtures, and can be recycled for nine times without any significant loss of it’s catalytic reactivity. We have also proved that these catalyses can be further accelerated under microwave irradiation conditions. This approach seems to meet the urgent needs of sustainable development for chemistry.

並列關鍵字

enamides hybrid catalyst microwave

參考文獻


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