中國共產黨強調婦女解放,毛澤東喊出「婦女能頂半邊天」,突顯中共對性別平等的重視。因此,本文從性別的觀點出發,探討性別因素對菁英甄補的影響。女性在中共不同層級中的菁英甄補人數變化為何?哪些因素在女性政治菁英甄補中具有影響力?性別因素如何對中共政治菁英甄補產生影響? 研究發現:自1982年以來,各屆女性中央委員的人數維持5%,女性中央候補委員則為10%。影響女性甄補的重要因素,可區分成派系優勢、個人成就優勢、性別優勢等三種類型,而女性在中共最高的層級僅止於政治局委員而已。從微觀的角度發現,孫春蘭的案例的確可說明中共在政治菁英甄補中,性別因素具備關鍵性。而若從宏觀角度下,性別因素在整體的中共政治菁英甄補中不具備重要性,因為傳統中國仍以男性為主,父權體系依舊影響女性在中共的菁英甄補。
Baced on the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) emphasizes that women's liberation, Mao Zedong advocates "Women hold up half the sky", highlighting the importance of gender equality in the CCP. Therefore, from the viewpoint of gender perspective, this article explore the impact of gender factors on elite recruitment. Are there any differences of female number at different levels elite recruitment? What kinds of factors affect female's political elite recruitment? How does gender influence the political elite recruitment? The study found out: since 1982, the number of female member of the Central Committee have maintained 5%, female alternate member of the Central Committee was 10%. The important factors which influence the female recruitment can be divided into three types: factions advantage, personal achievements, and advantages of gender; while women in the highest levels of the Communist Party of China is limited to the Politburo members. From the microscopic point of discovery, Sun Chunlan's case can indeed explain that gender factor are crucial in the CCP's political elite recruitment. On the other hand, from a macro perspective, the gender factor does not have significance in the overall CCP's political elite recruitment. The reason is that traditional Chinese is still male-dominated, and the patriarchal system still affect female in the CCP's elite recruitment.
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