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  • 學位論文

國小中高年級學童不同認知成份對閱讀理解表現之影響研究

The Effects of Elementary Middle and High Graders’ Different Cognitive Skills on Reading Comprehension Performance

指導教授 : 連啟舜
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摘要


本研究旨在探索智力、唸名速度、認字能力、工作記憶及推論能力對中文閱讀理解能力的影響,以及五種不同認知成份對於中文閱讀理解的增益效度。本研究以閱讀簡單模式(Hoover&Gough,1990)及建構統整模式(Kintsch,1988)作為理論基礎,研究受試者為104位國小三年級與106位國小六年級學童,分別施以智力、唸名速度、認字能力、中文閱讀廣度、推論能力和兩種中文閱讀理解測驗,並將蒐集之數據資料以多元階層迴歸分析法進行分析。研究結果顯示:智力、認字能力、唸名速度、工作記憶、推論能力對於閱讀理解測驗變異量預測程度隨著所使用閱讀理解測驗改變。以閱讀簡單模式而言,認字能力及唸名速度可解釋39%三年級版本閱讀理解篩選測驗變異量、六年級版本50%;對於中文閱讀理解測驗變異量解釋程度,三年級版本為40%,六年級則為52%。另一方面,若以建構統整模式為基礎,研究發現工作記憶及推論能力可解釋閱讀理解篩選測驗三年級版本47%變異量、六年級31%;對於中文閱讀理解測驗可解釋變異量部分,三年級為50%、六年級39%。第二,在五種認知成份構念互相影響之下,僅智力、認字能力與推論能力的獨特預測能力達到顯著水準,智力、認字能力與推論能力是中文閱讀理解測驗的最佳預測變項。此研究亦顯示:目前台灣地區普遍使用之閱讀理解測驗,所偵測到的閱讀理解認知過程及成份不盡相同。

並列摘要


The study aimed to investigate the effects of IQ, word recognition/decoding, rapid automatized naming speed, working memory, and inference on reading comprehension performance. 104 3rd graders and 106 6th graders received the Raven’s IQ test, the word recognition test, the rapid automatized naming tasks, the Chinese reading span test, the Chinese inference test, and two reading comprehension tests commonly used in Taiwan:Chinese Reading Comprehension Difficulties Diagnostic Test (CRCDD) and the Chinese Reading Comprehension Test (CRCT). Two theoretical models, simple view of reading (Hoover & Gough, 1990) and construction-integration model (Kintsch, 1988) were used to probe the validity of the two comprehension tests. With the hierarchical regression analysis(HRA), the study further examined the incremental validity of the five cognitive components to the reading comprehension. The major findings were as follows: First, the Chinese reading comprehension tests accounted by IQ, decoding, RAN, working memory, and inference varied from test to test. In terms of simple view of reading, decoding and rapid automatized naming accounted for 39% and 50% of variance on 3rd and 6th graders’ CRCDD and 40% and 52% of variance on 3rd and 6th graders’ CRCT. On the other hand, based on the CI model, reading span and inference accounted for 47% and 31% of variance on 3rd and 6th graders’ CRCDD and 50% and 39% of variance on 3rd and 6th graders’ CRCT. Second, besides IQ, decoding and inference were the top two predictors for Chinese reading comprehension. Last but not least, the findings suggested that the two Chinese reading comprehension tests may not tap the same cognitive components.

並列關鍵字

RAN working memory reference reading comprehension IQ decoding

參考文獻


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被引用紀錄


曾藝哲(2015)。國小中高年級學童認知能力對摘要能力之影響〔碩士論文,國立中正大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0033-2110201614011586

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