退休婦女再就業經驗學習之研究

Research on the Experiential Learning for the Re-Employment of Retired Women

吳淑妃(Shu-Fei Wu)

指導教授 ： 蔡秀美

國立中正大學/教育學院/成人及繼續教育學系/碩士(2014年)

摘要

本研究採質性研究半結構訪談之方式，以台南地區三位已再就業且退休二年以上的退休婦女為對象，根據本研究目的：1.探討退休婦女再就業的動機。2.探究退休婦女再就業的歷程與經驗中，所經歷的學習內涵。3.了解退休婦女再就業學習後的影響與收穫。所得結論分以下三部分，摘述如下： 壹、退休婦女再就業的動機為：改善退休生活、自我興趣的擴展、友伴他人的鼓勵、增加收入。 貳、退休婦女再就業主要學習內涵 一、 退休婦女再就業主要學習方法：專業知能的培訓與證照考驗、做中學，經驗統整、自我導向，多元學習、觀摩他人。 二、 退休婦女發展出儲備、參與、延續，屬於自己的再就業技巧。 退休婦女巧妙運用自身具有的各項資源，讓自己就業順利，又能滿足自我要求。 儲備再就業技巧：覺察再就業訊息、學習奠定再就業知能、檢視評估有利經驗，省思再就業合適性。 參與再就業技巧：掌握工作特性、自我充實專業、善用經驗資源。 延續再就業技巧：自我品牌特色型塑、運用人際關係，傳播行銷，結合團體資源、嘗試創新。 三、退休婦女再就業態度表現：自信不怕難的樂觀態度、學習成長的敬業態度、情感聯繫的照顧態度、安排、掌控職場的自主態度。 四、再就業困難：難以避免的老化羈絆；就業情境變化多，支撐辛苦維持難；女性角色限制 再就業困難因應：少而美的精兵策略，隨時退出打算；女性角色是限制也是幸福。 五、退休婦女再就業角色扮演：重回職場開心的「工作者」、參與社會，認真的「學習者」、有能力，經驗豐富的「專業者」、陷於兩難的「尷尬者」 叁、退休婦女再就業影響： 個人層面：新思維、新角色展開退休新生涯；學習就業陪伴，繼續探索下半生；滿足現狀，坦然面對老年。 社會層面：發揮餘熱，再度活躍；創新中高齡舞台，活化中高齡社會；第三度就業不期盼，坦然退出不遺憾。 建議： 壹、 對即將退休或已退休婦女之建議 一 、珍視退休再就業的需求，透過學習改善自己的退休生活。 二、 轉化自己的學習與經驗為再就業動能，發展儲備、參與、延續再就業技巧，投入再就業。 三、 運用退休婦女再就業照顧關懷特質，結合女性合作力量組成團體。 四、 藉學習提升退休婦女權利意識，以再就業積極改造中高齡社會。 貳、對政府機構者之建議 一、 重視退休婦女再就業時代趨勢，辦理多元退休婦女學習課程，強化退休婦女人力。 二、 協助成立提供生活關懷，學習成長，鼓勵再就業發展的退休婦女團體。 三、 退休婦女經驗可成為課程內容，培育退休婦女為種籽講師。 四、 辦理再就業學習課程，融入女性意識議題，才能順利推動退休婦女再就業。 叁、 對未來研究之建議 一、研究對象的選擇建議擴大不同背景 二、可採用不同研究方法進行研究

關鍵字

生產力老化 ； 經驗學習 ； 再就業 ； 退休婦女

並列摘要

This study uses a qualitative research by way of semi-structured interviews, takes three re-employed women who have been retired for at least two years from Tainan area as our subjects. Our research purposes: 1. Explore the re-employment motivation of retired women. 2. Explore the learning connotation retired women experience from their re-employment process and experience. 3. Understand the impact and effect of learning connotation after re-employment of retired women. We get conclusions of the following three parts, which are summarized as follows:

I. Motivations for re-employment of retired women are: improve retired life, extend self-interests, encourage and make companions with others, increase income and improve revenue.
II. Main learning connotation for re-employment of retired women

1. Major learning methods for re-employment of retired women: professional knowledge training, experience integration of learning by doing, self-directed learning, observation of others.
2. Re-employment skills retired women develop on their own: reserves of re-employment skills, participation of re-employment skills, and continuation of re-employment skills.

Retired women cleverly make use of the resources they possess to make their employment go well; also meet the requirements of themselves. Reserves of re-employment skills: Aware and discover re-employment messages, observe and assess favorable experiences to reflect on the appropriateness of re-employment. Participation of re-employment skills: Understand work characteristics, self-fulfill to improve professional values, take advantage of experience resources. Continuation of re-employment skills: Shape characteristics of the self-brand, combine community resources with the use of interpersonal relationship and propagation of marketing, try to innovate at work.
4. Attitude for re-employment of retired women: confidence and optimism of boldness, professionalism of learning and growing, caring attitude of relationship connection, and independent attitude of control and organize of the workplace.
5. Difficulties for re-employment: the inevitable aging factors; changing nature of the employment environment; limitations of female characters.
Coping for difficulties of re-employment: graceful elite strategy, exit plan at any time; a restriction as well as bless as a female role.
6. Roles to play for re-employment of retired women: a happy “worker” who returns to workplace, a serious “learner” who participates in society, an experienced “professional”, an “awkward person” who is caught in a dilemma.

III. Effects for re-employment of retired women: on individual dimension: glad to start a new role in employment, learn to explore the rest of her life, satisfied with the status quo and comfortable to face her late stage; on social dimension: continue to play an active role, be innovative and active in old age, and peacefully exit without regrets.

並列關鍵字

Experiential Learning ； Productive Ageing ； re-employment ； retired women

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