女性學習攝影的壓力源及其因應策略之研究

Research on women studying photography stressors and coping strategies

林雅惠(ya-hui Lin)

指導教授 ： 黃錦山

國立中正大學/教育學院/成人及繼續教育學系/碩士(2015年)

摘要

人類社會進入資訊化知識型社會，影像已受到青睞。有鑑於目前攝影學習課程多樣化，女性攝影人口增加，文獻上缺少女性學習攝影的壓力源研究，無法有效使用有效的因應策略。藉由研究者對於攝影的熱愛與積極加入攝影團體學習兩年多的觀察後，逐步規畫進行女性學習攝影的壓力源及因應策略之研究。
本研究採取質性研究取向，針對臺南市六位學習攝影的女性進行半結構式深度訪談，其研究結論有六：
一、女性學習攝影時會面臨各種壓力源可分為個人的、家庭的、工作的、學習的與社會的壓力源。研究中還發現有交通工具、性別刻板印象與特殊的文化差異等壓力。
二、女性學習攝影時最大壓力源為個人壓力源中的自我期許、多重角色，子女及經濟負擔影響著壓力。
三、女性學習攝影時在面臨不同的壓力源所採取的因應策略，可分為接納調整策略、尋求支援策略、紓解緊張策略及逃避延宕的策略四項。
四、壓力因應策略最常採用為接納調整策略與尋求支援策略，然而延宕逃避策略也是興趣取向的受訪者常會使用的方式。
五、尋求支援因應策略是解除壓力源的好方法，接觸大自然是紓解緊張因應策略中常見的。
六、因為性別差異於學習攝影活動參與時，女性承受的壓力尚有因性別刻板印象而衍生出性別刻板印象的壓力。女性可以善用自身的女性特質與性別刻板印象的壓力，獲得更多的學習協助。
依據研究結論，提出四點實務上的建議：1.女性學習攝影前要有多一分的準備，充分瞭解攝影學習的整個壓力源情況及攝影學習過程將會產生的壓力，運用適當的因應策略將壓力所帶來的影響減至最低，積極善用女性特質，化阻力為學習的助力，成為學習的亮點。2.時間衝突與傳統的性別角色期待束縛等更需要擁有家庭的支持與諒解，讓多重身分的女性在學習攝影時能透過溝通與分享，增加家庭間彼此的了解。3.建議提供相關攝影學習單位充分瞭解女性攝影學習情況，提供女性在攝影學習歷程上更多的包容度與支持度，諒解女性學習攝影時因時間不足與衝突產生學習壓力，營造一個高包容度的學習環境。4.建議政府、社會在推動性別平等時，能以多辦理女性攝影主題的活動，呈現女性的視角與自我的意識覺醒。

關鍵字

壓力源 ； 女性學習攝影 ； 因應策略

並列摘要

Human society entered the information of a knowledge-based society, the image has been favored. Given the current diversity of photography learning courses, photography female population, stressors of women studying photography missing on literature, can not effectively use effective coping strategies. For the love of photography by researchers to actively join the photography community and learning more than two years of observation, and gradually planning to study women studying photography stressors and coping strategies .
The study adopts qualitative research orientation, semi-structured in-depth interviews conducted for the study of photography Tainan six women, six of its findings:
First, they will face a variety of stressors can be divided into personal, family, work, study and social stressors women studying photography. The study also found that transport, gender stereotypes and cultural differences and special pressure.
Second, women studying photography at a maximum pressure of the source of personal pressure source in self-expectations, multiple roles, children and economic burden affecting pressure.
Third, women studying photography in the face of coping strategies adopted by different pressure sources can be divided into admission to adjust its strategy to seek support strategies to relieve the tension and avoid delays in policy strategy four.
Fourth, the pressure of coping strategies most commonly used to receive the adjustment strategy and seek support strategies, however, delay the escape strategy is interest-oriented approach often used by respondents.
Fifth, coping strategies for support is a good way to de-stress source, in touch with nature is to relieve stress coping strategies in common.
Sixth, because of gender differences in participation in learning photography activities, women still bear the pressure of gender stereotypes and gender stereotypes derived pressure. Women can make good use of their own femininity and gender stereotypes pressure, get more learning assistance.
Based on research findings, practical recommendations on four points: 1. The former women studying photography to have a little more prepared to fully understand the situation and the pressure on the entire pressure source photography learning process will produce photographic study, the use of appropriate coping strategies the effects of stress brought to a minimum, and actively make good use of femininity, of the resistance to learning help, become the highlight of learning. 2. Time conflict with the shackles of traditional gender role expectations and other more need to have family support and understanding, so that multiple identities of women in learning photography can communicate through sharing, increase mutual understanding between families. 3. It is proposed to provide relevant photography Learning Unit to fully understand women photography learning, to provide women more tolerant and support on a photographic study course, due to lack of time understanding women studying photography and conflicts academic pressure, creating a high degree of tolerance learning environment.
4. Recommends that the Government in promoting gender equality in society, able to handle more female photography theme of the event, showing the female perspective and self-consciousness.

並列關鍵字

coping strategies ； stressors ； women studying photography

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