近年來在許多先進國家中,環境意識與環境議題日益受到重視。隨之而來的,便是公民的環境權,逐漸成為許多國家公民所主張之基本公民權的一部份。因此諸多西方國家的公民,相繼於二十世紀七零年代以降,參與環境運動以求捍衛自己的健康環境權。以政治學的核心概念,也就是權利保障的角度觀之,公民的環境意識在這些爭取公民環境權落實的環境運動中,扮演了相當關鍵的角色。 因此本論文主要聚焦在環境意識與環境權利的涵義與發展。透過整理環境意識的研究方法、環境主義的理論討論,以及環境權利的發展等理論知識。釐清公民的環境意識,與環境權利發展的因果關係。最後於結論階段,以道德、方法論與政治上公民權利運作三種層面,闡述本論文的研究成果。
Nowadays developed countries have strongly concern about the environmental issues. According to this trend more and more citizen have the purpose of the environmental right, which considered to be part of the fundamental right. Because of this reason, many westerners or developed countries citizen participate environmental movement to struggle their health environmental right since 1970s.On the other hand, according to the basic sense of political science, I found that the environmental consciousness play a crucial role in this environmental revolution. This study focus on the meaning of environmental consciousness and environmental right. I generalize three elements such as “collecting theories about how to research environmental consciousness”, “the trend of environmentalism”, and “the theory about environmental right” to fulfill the content. And figure out the relationship between environmental consciousness and environmental right. Lastly, this study will separate three orientations such as“ moral”,” theories”, and”citizen right” to explain my research results and come up with some useful suggestions.
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