高齡者生命回顧中的困境轉折、學習歷程及生命意義感之探討

Exploration of the advanced age’s dilemma transition, learning processes and sense of life significancein their life review

章嘉真(CHANG﹐CHIA-CHEN)

指導教授 ： 胡夢鯨

國立中正大學/教育學院/成人及繼續教育學系/碩士(2016年)

摘要

摘要
面對銀髮浪潮的襲擊，高齡者生、心理健康的相關議題值得國人關注。當高齡者面對老化的挑戰時，需要透過生命回顧來找回困境轉折中的學習歷程與能量，以重塑個人價值及生命意義感，以期達到正向老化的目標。
本研究採質性研究之半結構性訪談法，先進行文獻探討與訪談大綱的擬定，再根據訪談大綱以立意取樣選出六位受訪者進行深度訪談，訪談後經過編碼、資料分析與詮釋，再與文獻做對話討論，最後提出結論與建議。
根據研究結果，本研究做出三項結論：
一、 高齡者在生命回顧中的困境事件類別是多面向的，面臨的困境事件大多是雙重的，困境事件因性別角色之差異而屬性不同，面對困境轉折的學習因學、經歷而有異，對困境的啟發與體悟則彼此相似。
二、 高齡者在困境轉折中學習歷程的學習動機或需求主要來自生活角色責任與維護自尊的需求，其學習目標則以能力培養為主，而其學習途徑或方法主要來自行動力及正向思考。
三、 高齡者在困境轉折中生命意義感之意志與目標主要以意志的自由跟經驗的價值為主，其自我價值的實現大部分來自使命感與自我效能，而其自我認同主要來自成就感和認同感。
最後，根據研究結論，提出對高齡者、高齡相關教育機構及後續研究之建議。

關鍵字

生命意義感 ； 學習歷程 ； 困境轉折 ； 生命回顧 ； 高齡者

並列摘要

Abstract
With the increasing number of the advanced age, their health problems in bothphysical and mental aspectsrequire our further study. When struggling with the aging challenge, it is indispensable to rebuild individual value, sense of life significance and retrievetheirlearning processes and energy through life reviewing, reaching the goal of positive aging.
The study performed a qualitative research, mainly based on the methodology of semi-structured interviewing. The interview outline is mapped out first, and six subjects are interviewed according to our research goal. After analyzing the interviews, the researchers conclude the findings and makes some suggestions for advanced studies.
The findings of the study are as blow:
1. The adversities are multi-faced when senior citizen reviewed their lives, and the plights they have encountered are twofold. The predicament would be different based on the divergence of their gender. The way they learned in dilemma transition would be different due to their experiences. However, their inspirations in extremity are similar.
2. The learning motives and needs of the elderly learning process in dilemma transition comes from their role and responsibility in life and the need to defend self-respect; the learning goal mainly aimed to cultivate ability, and their learning means lies in their action and positive thinking.
3. Theelderly’s goal and will ofthe sense of life significance in their dilemma transition depend on their free-will and value of experiences. Most self-actualization came from sense of mission and self-efficacy, andaccomplishment and recognition are the main source of self-identification.
Finally, according to the above conclusions, this research also provides suggestions concerning the senior citizen and the related advanced age educational services.

並列關鍵字

learning processes ； Dilemma transition ； life review ； the advanced age ； sense of life significance

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