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  • 學位論文

來看阿公嬤攏係按怎出門 : 高齡者外出阻礙、策略與選擇 - 以高雄市為例

Capabilities for Mobility Among the Elderly: Barriers, Strategies and Options

指導教授 : 王國羽
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摘要


交通運輸服務在維持高齡者身心健康、提升生活品質與社會參與扮演著重要角色。本研究由交通運輸環境下高齡使用者觀點出發,探討高齡者外出經驗,主要著重在受訪者主觀感受,以及呈現受訪者外出時經常面臨那些阻礙情境、又如何因應與調適。研究者透過社區老人福利組織協助,召募22位分別居住於高雄市田寮、三民與旗津區,年齡介於66-88歲之受訪者。研究發現,高齡者外出方式的選擇,深受早期生活經驗、喪偶、成年子女影響力,以及目前的移動能力等因素之影響,受訪者不管選擇何種外出方式,或多或少都會遇到困難,需要調適與發展因應策略,如果調適得宜可以維持個人的選擇並滿足外出需求,甚至擴大個人外出移動範圍,如果因應方式失效,則容易退縮在家,減少或放棄出門。通常,健康情形良好、具有積極人格特質、積極拓展社交網絡、或有任務在身之受訪者調適情形較好。受訪者在宅老化的需求,突顯社區交通環境與交通服務的重要性。乘車優惠與電動車輛購車補助,並不能降低受訪者移轉使用大眾運輸或綠能節能交通工具的阻礙,促使他們放棄對私人交通工具的依賴。政策建議的部分,提升高齡交通運輸專責單位層級,發展社區志願交通服務,落實友善高齡者交通服務措施,才能逐步建構出一個維護高齡者最大移動且安全而動態的支持網絡,進而增加限制高齡者駕駛的合理性,讓交通運輸服務體系更加貼近目前生活在社區中高齡者需求。

並列摘要


Transportation service plays a significant role of keeping elder people physical and mental health, to improve their quality of life and facilitate their social participation. The majority of elderly people are those who with advanced age, but with minor physical limitations on walking, seeing and hearing. They still have strong learning motivation, and eager to participate in their social life, but with different problems of satisfying their desire of being going out. Taiwan transportation policy is still focusing on how to provide a barrier-free environment rather than takes a comprehensive approach to solve the problems that those elderly people face. Previously, there was hardly paid any attention to understand or analysis the transportation issues faced by elderly people. This research takes elderly people’s view point to describe their experiences and difficulties. The researcher has adopted three major methods of collecting data, by face to face interview on elderly people, focus groups of participated in the activities with the elderly as group facilitator and accompany with them to the field trip to gain the first hand experiences with them and for them. With the help of community elderly welfare organizations, researcher has completed 22 interviewees who are living in Tianliao district, Sanmin district and Qijin district in Kaohsiung City and their aged range between 66-88 years old. The data presented in this study contained interview materials, observation notes and field trip notes. Research results revealed that the choices of solving the transportation problems that elderly people faced were deeply affected by their early life experiences such as whether they can drive a car, their living conditions, their adults children’s attitude and the physical design of transportation system. Whatever the choice they made, all come with difficulties that needed to be encountered by those elderly people. If their strategies of coping the difficulties don't work, the elderly will withdrew from their social activities and become home bond. Usually, interviewees with good health condition, positive attitude, and expanding their social network will have a better result in adaptation. Public policy provide to the elderly people include discount ticket fare, and subsidy on electric car both of these in cash transfer cannot reduce the barrier of using public transport system. Researcher proposed some alternatives services or policies at the end of this report.

參考文獻


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