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  • 學位論文

臺灣地區不同類型土壤之有機碳儲存量估算

The estimation of organic carbon storage in different soils of Taiwan

指導教授 : 許正一

摘要


一個獨立生態系統之碳儲存量可反應出此一生態系之碳吸存能力,但這有賴準確的碳儲存量估算結果,以做為一個值得信賴的基準線。本論文收集台灣不同地區九個土綱(弱育土(Inceptisols)、新成土(Entisols)、膨轉土(Vertisols)、黑沃土(Mollisols)、淋澱土(Spodosols)、灰燼土(Andisols)、淋溶土(Alfisols)、極育土(Ultisols)、氧化物土(Oxisols))之農田和森林土壤樣體共544個,估算其土壤0-30 cm、0-50 cm、0-100 cm深度內有機碳儲存量,並探討土壤類型、土壤性質及土地利用對土壤有機碳儲存量的影響,同時比較台灣地區與世界各國土壤有機碳儲存量,以做為土壤管理與全球增溫議題之參考。 研究結果顯示,四種土綱(弱育土(Inceptisols)、新成土(Entisols)、極育土(Ultisols)、淋溶土(Alfisols)) 之pH值、總體密度(Bd)和有機碳含量皆達顯著(p<0.05)負相關,粘粒和有機碳含量亦呈負相關,但僅極育土(Ultisols)達顯著水準(p<0.001)。不同土綱土壤1 m深度內之有機碳儲存量範圍為8.86 -36.62 kg/m2,其中以淋澱土(Spodosols)最高,氧化物土(Oxisols)最低。表土以下0-30 cm、0-50 cm及0-100 cm等不同深度,有機碳儲存量之變異係數高,顯示土壤有機碳儲存量的場址條件空間變異大。0-30 cm佔1 m內總有機碳的比率平均值為55 %,0-50 cm平均值為73 %,顯示臺灣大部分土壤有機碳儲存於0-50 cm土壤深度內,其中0-30 cm儲存土壤有機碳比率更高,且所有土綱有機碳儲存量皆隨著土壤累積深度增加而增加。臺灣地區1 m深度內總土壤有機碳庫約為396 Tg,其中農田土壤為172 Tg,森林土壤則為224 Tg。臺灣地區表土1 m深度內之土壤總有機碳庫儲存量高於香港地區,低於巴西亞馬遜河盆地與美國俄亥俄州。

並列摘要


The carbon stock of an independent ecosystem is able to reflect the carbon storage capability of such ecosystem, but this also depends on the accurate estimation of carbon stock in order to serve as a reliable baseline. This study collected a total of 544 cultivated and forest soil pedons in nine soil orders (Inceptisols, Entisols, Vertisols, Mollisols, Spodosols, Andisols, Alfisols, Ultisols and Oxisols) at different regions in Taiwan to estimate their organic carbon stock within the depth of 0-30 cm, 0-50 cm and 0-100 cm. Meanwhile, it has also probed into the effects on soil natures, soil types and vegetation types toward soil organic carbon stock; and explored the soil organic carbon stock of Taiwan in comparison to that in other countries to serve as a reference in the issues of soil management and global warming. The experimental results indicate that the respective pH, Bd and organic carbon contents of four soil orders of Inceptisols, Entrosols, Ultisols and Alfisols have shown a significantly (p<0.05) negative correlation, while clay and organic carbon contents have shown a negative correlation, and only Ultisols has shown a significant confidence at p<0.001. The soil organic stock range of different soil orders (nine kinds of soil orders) of within 1 m below the topsoil is 8.86 -36.62 kg/m2, and among them, the highest range goes to Spodosols, and the lowest, Oxisols. A high coefficient of variation of organic carbon stock of topsoil at different depths below 0-30 cm, 0-50 cm and 0-100 cm demonstrates a large spatial variation of site conditions of soil organic carbon stock. The 0-30 cm soil depth accounts for 55% average value of total organic carbon rate found within 1m of topsoil; and that 0-50 cm soil depth accounts for an average value of 73%. This shows that most of Taiwan’s soil organic carbon is stored within 0-50 cm soil depth. Among them, the rate of organic carbon stored within 0-30 cm soil depth is even higher, and that the organic carbon stock of all soil orders increase significantly following an accumulation of soil depth. In Taiwan, the total soil organic carbon stocks pool of within 1 m soil depth is approximately 396 Tg, and among them, 172 Tg is found in cultivated soils and 224 Tg in forest soils. The total soil organic carbon stocks pool of within 1 m of Taiwan’s topsoil is only higher than Hong Kong, and lower than the Brazilian River Basin and Ohio in the United States.

參考文獻


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被引用紀錄


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何正品(2013)。臺灣土壤有機碳空間分布與氣候、地形關係之研究〔博士論文,國立屏東科技大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6346%2fNPUST.2013.00095
郭家和(2012)。南仁山低地雨林三種生育地凋落物及土壤有機碳貯存量之估算〔碩士論文,國立屏東科技大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6346%2fNPUST.2012.00063
陳德安(2011)。營建廢棄物再利用對資源與土地節用之減碳效益研究〔碩士論文,國立中央大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0031-1903201314430548

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