由農地變遷論六堆客庄地區發展第六級產業評估指標之研究

The study on evaluation indicators of Liu-dui Hakka village ripen the 6th industry Via agricultural land-use change

楊欣宜(Hsin-I Yang)

指導教授 ： 鄭春發

國立屏東科技大學/人文暨社會科學院/客家文化產業研究所/碩士(2015年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2015.00015

摘要

我國以農立國，農業是一個促進國家發展的基本產業，面對因全球化而快速變遷的今日，產業整體競爭態勢改變，屏東縣六堆客庄地區一方面臨在地農業發展受到氣候異常的衝擊，另一方面，由於農業由自給自足經濟走向依賴世界貿易，農務為主的客家族群如何因應及調整其產業結構，值得深入加以探究。
本研究首先探討經濟地理學中「產業的文化與制度轉向」，在經濟學家倡導空間經濟分析的同時，這種研究方法和視角成為當今時代的新經濟地理學，當中文化和制度轉向的核心是對經濟的重新理解。其次，透過地理資訊系統(Geographical Information System)的概念應用於軟體上，將所需圖層進行套疊(Overlay Analysis)及空間分析，來呈現出六堆客庄地區農業資源空間的變化及土地使用情形。
另外，從AHP層級分析法建立評估指標，來檢視屏東縣六堆地區在面對全球化時代中，如何透過第六級產業的核心概念，引進產品加工及行銷服務，把產品附加價值留存，去激發出多元層次的經營模式及思維，讓傳統產業能夠舊瓶裝新酒，賦予新生命，藉此促進地區活化與再生。
經由本研究發現，企業經營與策略面權重值最高，關鍵在於近年來由於臺灣加入世界貿易組織與受到全球化影響，農業的經營面臨著農產品開放進口、生產成本高漲、農業人口老化等等問題，導致兩岸關係的變化以及產業結構的變遷，以致於原本的傳統農業走向高經濟價值的精緻農業，因此農業經營發展勢必要有新的規劃思維與因應策略，才能邁向永續發展。而傳統產業如何透過有效的經營模式與策略，除了建立客庄在地農業的自有品牌外，也該思考如何推廣在地農業的產品銷售。
關鍵字: 農地變遷、經濟地理學、評估指標、第六級產業

關鍵字

農地變遷 ； 經濟地理學 ； 評估指標 ； 第六級產業

並列摘要

Agriculture is a basic industry to promote Taiwan economic development, and the industrial competitive situations change rapidly in facing globalization today. The local agricultural development was impacted by abnormal climate change, on the other hand, local agricultural development relied on self-sufficiency economy to international trade market mechanism. Agriculture is the main industry of Hakka, but how do they respond and adjust the industrial structure.
The study is mainly to discuss economic geography's field of "industrial cultural turns and institution turns", by the analysis of Taiwan agricultural development and farmland policies, comparing to Lui-dui's land-use change and diversion of agricultural land. Through overlay analysis and spatial analysis method, the study is to explore Lui-dui's Hakka agricultural land-use changes in national industry policy and international trade market mechanism by 1920s, 1970s, 1990s and 2010s in facing globalization's common market and sustainable development.
In addition, this study tries to establish the evaluation indicators of the 6th industry in Lui-dui Hakka village via AHP analysis in the age of globalization age. Hakka try to introduce product processing and marketing from the core concepts of the 6th industry. We hope to retain value-added products and inspire a diverse business model. Let traditional industries can make new wine in old bottles, giving new life to promoting regional activation and regeneration. We found that the highest weight value of evaluation indicators of the 6th industry are business management and strategies. The main reason lies to Taiwan's accession to WTO and globalization affected in recent years. The difficulty of agricultural management is to face agricultural imports, rising production costs, and the farmer aging. So that the traditional agricultural production street to high economic value. The management of Agriculture is bound to have new thinking and strategies in order to move towards sustainable development. Traditional industries by effective business model and strategies establish its own brand of Hakka local agriculture, and think about how to promote their products.
Keywords：Agricultural land-use change, Economic Geography,
Evaluation indicators, the 6th industry

並列關鍵字

Agricultural land-use change ； Economic Geography ； Evaluation indicators ； the 6th industry

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