- 學位論文
避難教育對智能障礙者於災害逃生之探討
Disaster Escaping Investigation of Evacuation Education for People with Intellectual Disabilities.
摘要
智能障礙者的心智與生理成長比一般同年齡者較遲緩，在成長過程必須倚靠服務人員持續地照顧、訓練及教育。在災害發生時，智能障礙者必須藉由服務人員的引導進行避災；因此，協助智能障礙者安全避災為服務人員之重要工作。本文利用關聯式問卷調查方法，依服務人員的工作壓力、智能障礙者避難訓練及社區民眾協助智能障礙者避災意願等組成構面，再以影響構面之條件形成問項設計，並由專家評估各問項對構面或整體目標達成之績效值，利用各問項對應之績效值可求得該構面對問卷目標之績效值。由分析結果顯示，服務人員的工作壓力目標達成度為82.40%代表照顧者所表現之工作壓力越小，有助於引導避難逃生的效率。智能障礙者避難訓練目標達成度為73.51%，代表智能障礙者能藉由反覆的避難演練，學習成效愈高愈好，有助於提升避難逃生的效率。社區民眾協助智能障礙者避災意願目標達成度為89.39%。代表社區民眾對於機構發生災害或演練時，能主動積極協助智能障礙者成效愈高愈好，有助於協助逃生避難逃生的效率。
並列摘要
Intellectual disability people (IDP) in mental and physical are growth more slowly than the average person at the same age. In the growth process, they need to rely on caregivers to care, train and educate continually. In the event of a disaster occurring, IDP must be guided by the caregivers to avoid disaster. Therefore, safety assistance IDP to prevent disaster is important work to caregivers. In this study, the associated questionnaire method was used to evaluate the efficiency of IDP avoid disaster. The phases of the questionnaire were compost by caregiver stress, IDP evacuation training and community people willing to assist IDP prevention disaster. In addition, the questioner items also considered the conditions of influence phase, and then the design items were evaluated to achieve the overall objective of the questionnaire by experts. The total performance of each item for the same phase was calculated the specify phase performance in the questionnaire. The results showed that the achievement of working pressure of caregivers was 82.4%. The result represented the less working pressure to caregivers, who would have more efficiency to help guiding IDP to escape. The achievement of IDP evacuation training was 73.5%. This demonstrated repeated evacuation practices and learning can be effectiveness helping IDP to improve the escape skills. The achievement of community people willing to assistance IDP was 89.4% that demonstrated community people can actively to assist IDP when organization occurring disaster and exercises. The high achievement suggested high escape efficiency to IDP.